Culture
It did not take long for Billy to learn that the expected way to greet a friend among boys was with a fist bump, not a hug. What is this an example of?
A. Symbolic Structure
B. Idea
C. Norm
D. Value
C
Being Jamaican is considered a ____ because it is an identity based on shared history and culture.
Ethnicity
True or false: Conflict theory suggests that societies are categorized by competing interests, not shared ones.
True
Give an example of an institution in our society.
Family, education, sport, health care, economy, work, government, etc.
Name a taboo in our society.
Cannibalism, incest, murder (most of the time), etc.
A ___ is a cultural idea about what is true and what is false.
Belief
An example of a ___ of an old person is that they are frail, starting to lose their cognitive abilities, and cranky. This is an example of a ___, or an assumption/idea attached to someone simply because of their identity.
Stereotype
All institutions have ___, or shared ideas about how human life should be organized
Ideologies
Behaviors and beliefs that violate social expectations and attract negative sanctions are known as ____. An example of this would be stealing money or having a gambling addiction.
Deviance
A shared interpretation of reality that varies across time and space is a ____. For example, the meaning of adulthood has changed over time and is different from country to country, and culture to culture.
Social construct
Understanding that person's life experiences are shaped by their multiple identities refers to...
Hint: This term was coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw in describing the discrimination Black women faced from their employer
Intersectionality
Goffman's dramaturgical theory is an example of which of the three major sociological theories?
Symbolic Interactionism
____ are a type of social organization characterized by a high level of rationalization, being impersonal, and strict rules. They are governed by rational legal authority, rather than traditional.
Bureaucracies
According to Mead, the "____" is the planner, the internal evaluator, and the active thinker, whereas the "___" refers to the object of thought, or the self we see in the mirror that is socialized.
"I"; "Me"
When Shelby first began her PhD, she was not familiar with the norms, values, and had not yet been socialized into this culture. She was experiencing ___, or disorientation from a culture that was completely new to her.
Culture shock
Identities are all afforded different levels of ___, which refers to high or low esteem. For example, being a rich business man is considered to have a lot of esteem, or while being a construction worker is considered to have little esteem.
Status
Many people support Luigi Mangione and explain his deviance (committing murder) by saying that the United Healthcare CEO was an evil man, or that it was justified because it was all for the greater good. What theory of deviance does this describe?
Neutralization theory
What term did Max Weber use to describe the process of embracing reason and using it to increase human activities' efficiency and effectiveness?
Rationalization
In order to fend off negative sanctions for breaking a social rule, one might say something like, "well Shelby, I wouldn't have been late on my assignment but I had a really bad migraine and couldn't turn it in on time." Note that this both explains the rule-breaking as well as affirms that the rule is a good one (i.e. that being on time is normally a very fair expectation).
What concept is being described here?
An account
What is the term for when someone believes that their culture is better than everyone else's?
Ethnocentrism
This paradigm refers to the tendency of people to form groups and distinguish themselves from others for the very smallest of reasons. For example, if I made teams based on everyone's favorite condiment, the ketchup group would prioritize members of their group over members of the ranch group.
Minimal group paradigm
____theory states that our understanding of the world is shaped by our social position. This is the opposite of positivism, which says that there is an objective truth that we can find if we just research hard enough.
Standpoint
A persistent sorting of social groups into enduring hierarchies is known as ____.
Social stratification
The recognition that other minds exist, followed by the realization that we can try to imagine others’ is known as the _____. (Hint: this is 3 words).
Theory of the mind