An intentional act or omission in violation of criminal law, committed without defense or justification and sanctioned by the state as a felony or misdemeanor.
What is crime?
100
The two main sources of crime data.
What are he UCR [uniform crime report] and NCVS [national crime victim survey])
100
The body type most associated with delinquency according to Sheldon & Eleanor Glueck.
What is the mesomorph?
100
Contemporary sociologists study the causes of crime from these two perspectives.
What is structure and process
100
Incapacitation, rehabilitation, retribution, and deterrence.
What are four philosophies of punishment?
200
The more severe of the two “classifications” of crime.
What is a felony?
200
Murder, rape, robbery, assault, larceny, burglary, auto theft, arson.
What are the crimes that the UCR reports/ keeps track of? Or What are index crimes?
200
Biological Criminologists have found that this is slower than average in criminals.
What is Autonomic Nervous System or Nervous system?
200
Accouding to social disorganization theory from the Chicago school, this “zone” has the highest level of disorganization.
What is zone 2?
200
This theory assumes that people weigh the costs and benefits and analyze a situation before taking action.
What is rational choice theory?
300
Something you do not do, but should have.
What is an Ommission
300
A voluntary phone survey of 60 thousand houeholds, which asks members about types and frequency of crimes committed against them.
How does the NCVS collect it's data?
300
Bedwetting, Firesetting and Animal Torture.
What is the Psychopathic Triad?
300
Merton theorized that this is caused by a discrepancy between goals and means.
What is anomie?
300
Each individual gives up only the amount of liberty to act needed to make society function.
What is the social contract?
400
The circumstances, under which you can commit an offense against criminal law and be justified.
What is a defense OR What is a justification?
400
Voluntary Police reports from across the nation.
How does UCR receive the data? OR What is a criticism about the UCR- (but they must elaborate why!)
400
Deinstitutionalization of mental hospitals may be a contributing factor for this.
What is the jailing of mentally ill people?
400
Strain, a factor that some theorize leads to crime, is caused by this.
What is failure to achieve monetary goals and anything that is disliked by an individual?
400
This theory promotes the idea that the punishment should fit the crime because of the logic that free will permits you to act the way you want but this needs to be balanced with not acting on a desire if it violates another's rights.
What is hedonism?
500
Doing something with no intent to harm or violate the law, but acting so out of control that you should know something bad might happen—and you do it on purpose.
What is reckless intent?
500
This is the number of arrests divided by the number of crimes known to the police.
What is the clearance rate?
500
This theory acknowledges physiological mechanisms that allow an individual to act aggressively, but states that whether they will or not is learned, and there are incentives and motivations for that behavior.
What is Learning theory?
500
These are the three types of subcultures according to Cloward and Ohlin.
What are criminal, conflict, and retreatist?
500
This classical school of thought is based on determinism rather than free will.