Theories
What is the theory that focuses on addressing gender inequality and the patriarchy, which often questions the perceived natural differences between men and women?
feminist theory
Does correlation equal causation?
No
When are we being socialized and when do we stop being socialized?
We are socialized anytime we interact with the social world and socialization never stops
What is the perspective that values diverse racial, ethnic, national, and linguistic backgrounds and encourages the retention of cultural differences within larger society?
multiculturalism
What is the theory that focuses on combating norms and challenging institutions that regulate gender and sexuality?
queer theory
What is the concept that describes studying society through the scientific method?
Although socialization begins at birth, what concept has been used to describe how parents can prepare for socializing their children (especially into gender roles)?
anticipatory socialization
What is cultural relativism?
Taking into account the differences across cultures without passing judgement or assigning values
What are the three principles of symbolic interactionism?
1. We act towards things based on their meaning
2. Meanings are not inherent
3. Meanings can be changed through interaction
Why can’t sociologists just use experiments to collect data?
Because sociology involves studying people and social concepts and researchers cannot randomly manipulate many variables or measure them in a lab setting
What is the belief that differences we observe between groups of people are explained wholly by genetics and DNA?
Biological determinism
If Jaime, an American, goes to Spain and is surprised and confused to learn that they eat dinner much later than they are used to, they are experiencing what?
culture shock
What is Durkheim’s concept that describes how lack of social connections can lead to a sense of aimlessness or despair and suicide?
anomie
What concept describes the situation in which the researcher believes that A results in a change in B, but B is actually causing the change in A?
reverse causality
What is the process of maintaining society’s structure over time even when changes occur?
social reproduction
Ethan gets a tattoo in Japanese only because it “looks cool” and doesn’t understand what it means or any cultural context behind it. This would be an example of what?
Cultural appropriation
What is the theory that is used to examine how overlapping systems of power affect the experiences of individuals with multiple minority identities?
intersectionality
What are the two participants’ rights that we discussed in lecture
What are the four types of racial socialization?
1. Cultural socialization
2. Preparation for bias
3. Promotion of mistrust
4. Colorblindness
How is assimilation related to ethnocentrism?
Ethnocentrism is the belief that our own culture is better than another’s, and assimilation is expected because it is a rejection of a culture that is not dominant. Ethnocentrism produces assimilation.