Emotional Development in Early Childhood
This develops around age four and involves understanding that other people have different perspectives and beliefs.
What is theory of mind?
Running and chasing would be an example of this type of play.
What is exercise play?
One of many benefits or functions of friendships in middle childhood.
Protecting one another, training in how to handle conflict, teaching children the skills involved in adult relationships, enhancing the developing self, teaching how to manage emotions.
Quentin goes out of his way to be nice to the new student in class. He is showing this type of behavior that involves sharing, helping, and caring actions.
What is prosocial behavior?
David and Ann are fifth-graders. David starts a rumor about Ann that causes a number of people in her friend group to turn against her. David is showing this type of aggression.
What is relational aggression?
A developmental landmark that is ONLY possible when humans develop theory of mind.
What is developing a full sense of morality and character?
The type of play that first-graders engage in that involves wrestling and hitting each other while waiting in line for lunch.
What is rough and tumble play?
These kids are frequently named in the most-liked category and never appear to be disliked. They stand out as being socially liked by everyone.
Who are popular children?
What Maria is expressing when she says, "I feel your pain."
What is empathy?
Hostile or destructive acts that are carried out to achieve a goal are examples of this type of aggression.
What is proactive aggression?
A disorder defined by serious theory of mind deficits.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Pretend play in which a child makes up a scene, often with a toy or other prop.
What is fantasy play?
When 3rd, 4th, and 5th graders are asked to list two or three classmates they really like and really dislike, these children receive a few most-liked and perhaps one or two disliked nominations. They rank around the middle range of class status.
Who are average children?
What Amelia is expressing when she says, "I feel sorry for you."
What is sympathy?
While playing, Hannah aggressively takes a ball out of Lina's hands. Lina responds by hitting Hannah. This is the type of aggression Lina is exhibiting.
What is reactive aggression?
A characteristic, other than difficulties with theory of mind, of autism spectrum disorder.
Persistent social and conversational deficits, repetitive, restricted behavior patterns, ritualized behavior, hypersensitivity to sensory input, fixation on inanimate objects.
Mary Ann and Kat are playing house. Kat, the "mother" is calling the doctor because Mary Ann, the "baby" is sick. What this type of play is called.
What is collaborative pretend play?
These children stand out among their classmates in a negative way and are often disliked.
Who are rejected children?
The developmental period when prosocial behavior naturally appears.
What is toddlerhood?
A tendency of unusually aggressive children to misread other people's actions as threatening when they are actually benign.
What is a hostile attributional bias?
Remembering the details about one's high school graduation is an example of this time of memory.
What is autobiographical memory?
One of the many purposes of pretend play.
What is allows children to practice adult roles? Allows children a sense of control? Furthers our understanding of social norms?
These children are most likely to be chronically bullied.
Who are the highly aggressive children?
"You made fun of that kid. Think of how terrible they must feel." This discipline style that is ideal for socializing prosocial behavior.
What is induction?
According to the text, this is a very important factor in promoting reactive aggression and antisocial behavior.
What is peer rejection?