Plato
Something that has value itself vs. something that is a means to an end
What is intrinsic vs. instrumental value?
The protection of life, liberty, health, and property.
What is the prime purpose of a just state?
If you don't agree with the general will, this could happen to you.
What is being "forced to be free."
The parts of the soul that correspond with the classes in the state in the Republic?
What are the rational (wisdom), spirit (courage), and appetitive (desire)?
Guardians (Philosopher Kings), Auxiliaries (Soldiers), and Producers (Tradespeople).
Without laws, the just person would act the same as the unjust person.
What is Glaucon's message from the Gyges ring story?
The state of nature.
It comes from all and applies to all.
What is the general will?
Silently enjoying the benefits of living in a state
What is tacit consent?
All citizens in their appointed place giving back to the city, ruled by the Philosopher King (reason).
What is justice? or
What is harmony?
The right to protect your freedom, but not to restrict others' rights to freedom.
What is "liberty, not license"?
Greed, competition, envy and shame are some of these.
What are public values?
aka - the chains!
A remedy for the problems that arise in society, not the state of nature.
What is Rousseau's social contract?
The plan Plato proposes to eliminate corruption and the sense of "mine" in ruling classes.
What is the abolition of private property and private families?
If the government has proven over time unable to protect your inalienable rights, citizens have the right to do this.
What is overthrow the government and give the power to those who will protect those rights?
Rebellion/revolution
The only natural virtue.
What is pity or compassion?
An agreement between people and government about the responsibilities and authority of each side.
What is a social contract?
For citizens to contribute to the state, they need to receive equal education.
What is Plato's reason why women should receive the same education/training as men?
This is lacking in the state of nature, so Locke's government will fulfill this role.
What is an impartial judge?
The best and most just form of government.
What is direct democracy?
The Prisoner's Dilemma tells us the rational person is better off doing this unless there is some way to ensure reciprocal cooperation.
What is defecting?
Acting using individual rationality