Attribution and Attitudes
According to attribution theory, we tend to explain human behavior by crediting either a person's ______________ or the situation.
disposition
Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgment of the lengths of lines even though...
it was clear that the group judgment was actually incorrect
The presence of others _______ a person's performance on well-learned tasks and _______ performance on unmastered tasks. A. improves; has no effect on B. hinders; improves C. improves; hinders D. improves; improves
What is C, improves; hinders?
Most children believe their school is better than the other schools in their town. This best illustrates what type of bias?
ingroup bias
tendency for people to under-emphasize situational explanations for an individual's observed behavior while over-emphasizing dispositional and personality-based explanations for their behavior.
Fundamental attribution error
Normative social influence results from a person's desire to...
gain social approval/be accepted/fit in
The feeling of discomfort one feels when information is different or contradicts that person's conception of self or beliefs.
cognitive dissonance
Gina got 1st place at her karate tournament. According to the fundamental attribution error, should most likely think the won because...
She practiced and trained really hard for the tournament and earned 1st place
Tina is really slow at typing on her laptop. If she had to type a paragraph in front of her friends, what would most likely happen?
Tina would type even slower due to social facilitation
Which of the following processes most obviously operates in groupthink? A. social facilitation B. cognitive dissonance C. group polarization D. self-disclosure
group polarization
Term used to describe when someone takes credit for positive events, and blames outside factors for negative events
self-serving bias
A culture that promotes individualism is most likely to encourage...
nonconformity
Social loafing has been found to be especially noticeable among ________ in cultures that value __________. A. women; collectivism B. women; individualism C. men; collectivism D. men; individualism
men; individualism
Which of the following individuals most clearly adheres to a stereotype? A. Vladimir, who is especially attracted to Latin ladies B. Peter, who feels uncomfortable interacting with African-Americans C. Robin, who is convinced that college professors are usually impractical and forgetful D. Cyril, who never hires people over the age of 50 to work in his restaurant
Robin
Frank did poorly on his math test. The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error might lead his teacher to conclude that he did poorly because...
he is unmotivated to do well in school or did not study
Alyssa sells blankets for a living. On which of the following tasks would the presence of others be most likely to lead to improved performance? A. reciting the months of the year in alphabetical order. B. knitting a hat C. learning foreign language words. D. cooking dinner
knitting a hat
Lisa has never been to a funeral and does not know what to expect. When she arrives, she relies on other's behaviors to learn what to do and the events that take place at a funeral. This is an example of...
informational social influence