The Individual Approach
What is Social Identity Theory?
Individuals strive to enhance self-esteem, positive self-concept
Individuals have in-group favoritism and out-group discrimination
What is one significant aspect of enculturation?
Transmission of gender roles
What is ascribed status?
Status given at birth
What is Social Cognitive Theory?
We can learn by watching other people (modeling & reinforcement)
According to Halpert and Perry-Jenkins (2017) how can parents beliefs impact their child's opinions?
Can create a long lasting impact on children's opinion on stereotypes specifically gender roles.
What were the findings of Kearins 1981?
Found that Indigenous students had higher ability to retrieve and encode information
Explain one study related to schema
multiple correct answers
Define Enculturation
The process by which people learn the necessary and appropriate skills and norms in the context of their culture.
What does a collectivist culture emphasize? (Very specific details needed)
prioritize shared responsibilities, cooperation, and mutual support. Personal goals are often aligned with the expectations and needs of the surrounding community, and maintaining harmony and loyalty is highly valued.
What is the Darley & Gross study?
Darley and Gross (1983) - group of participants watched a girl play in a video
Portrayed to be well-off in one video and portrayed to be low-income in another
Findings: rated the girl smarter in “well-off” portrayal
What is the aim of Luek and Wilson (2010) study?
The aim of Luek and Wilson (2010) was to investigate the variables that may predict acculturative stress in a nationally representative sample of Asian immigrants and Asian Americans.
What was the independent variable in Kearins 1981?
Cultural background
What is one limitation of the Taijfel & Turner study?
multiple correct answers
Value - High ecological validity
Limitation - Low generalizability (all middle class, all from northeastern United States, all heterosexual couples)
identify two strengths of Hofstede 1973
- Systematic and objective collection of data
- Very large cross-cultural sample
- Gave international companies guidance in how to deal with different cultures
- Longitudinal