Article 1
what gender were the mice?
male
What snack did the rats share in the experiment?
chocolate chips
what are the two possible motivators for the rats in article 3’s experiments?
social contact or empathy / pro-social behavior
what is the overall conclusion of Article 2?
rodents behave pro-socially when they perceive another rat to be experiencing non-painful psychological restraint stress= empathy
what is social learning?
new behaviors can be acquired by observing and imitating others
what response were the researchers measuring?
Freezing response
what were the 3 conditions in which the rats roamed in the first trial?
trapped cagemate condition, a plush toy rat (object condition), or nothing (empty condition).
what two typically human traits is article 3 trying to test in non-human animals?
empathy and altriusm
What were the two testing conditions in experiment 1 of Article 1?
Paired or individual
What is pro-social behavior?
prosocial behavior occurs when an individual acts to benefit others rather than themselves. ex) Altruism, cooperation, and caregiving
what was the aversive stimulus in the operative conditioning chambers?
air puff
True or False: Female rats opened the door overall more than their male counterparts, which exhibited empathy similar to that of human females.
true
what is the name of the scientist article 3 based their hypothesis off of?
Ben-Ami Bartal et. al.
How long were the mice given to habituate in experiment 2 of Article 1?
24 - hours
what is neophobia?
The fear of anything new or familiar, what the rats experienced in article 3
what was the name of the small electronic devices that were injected into the mice?
Micro transponders
how many experiments were there in article 2?
3
how many conditions were in experiment 1 in article 3?
3
What color was the light that accompanied the punishment in experiment 2 of article 1?
blue light
what is the definition of extinction?
the process by which a previous association or behavior becomes weakened and eventually disappears completely
what did the researchers determine to be the biggest determining factor in fear renewal?
The behavior of the cagemate
what were rats called who consistently didn't open the door?
non-openers
why was article 3’s version of the experiment possibly problematic?
because the rats only had to touch the door to open it, so it could have been accidental
how long did the rats live together in article 3?
14 days
In preliminary experiments, some rats developed ----------- ----------if they failed to open the door within the first few test days
learned helplessness