psych
six basic emotions
happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, surprise
categories of touch
positive affect, playful, control, ritualistic, task related, negative affect, aggressive
attribution
an explanation for an observed behaviour
distinctiveness info
info about the extent to which one particular actor behaves in the way to different stimuli
actor-observer effect
tendency of people to make external attributions regarding their own behaviours
display rules
cross cultural guidelines for how and when to express emotions
nonverbal leakage
person's true feelings leaking or oozing out even though he or she may be trying to conceal or hide them
internal attribution
inference that a person is behaving in a certain way because of something about the person, such as attitude, character, or personality
more likely to make internal attribution when
consensus is low
distinctiveness is low
consistency is high
perceptual salience
seeming importance of information that is the focus of peoples' attention
4 important functions of eye contact
regulate flow of info, gives feedback to speaker about what was just said, expresses emotions, social control
paralanguage
vocalic behaviours that communicate meaning along with verbal behaviour
- pitch rises
- delay
- speak slowly
- um or er
- repetition
external attribution
inference that a person is behaving a certain way because something about the situation
more likely to make external attribution when
consensus high
distinctiveness high
consistency high
self serving bias
a readiness to percieve oneself favorably
emblems
nonverbal gestures that have well understood definitions within a given culture, they usually have verbal translations, such as OK sign or peace sign
microexpression
brief and involuntary facial expression that shows a reaction to emotions a person is experiencing
covariation theory
people base their inferences regarding the source of other's behaviors on whether or not there is a consensus regarding the way one ought to respond, the distinctiveness of the response, and the consistency of the person's response across situations
theory of correspondent inference
describe how people use other's behaviour as a basis for inferring their stable dispositions
self enhancement
desire to maintain, increase, or protect one's positive self views
illustrators
signals that accompany speech to clarify or emphasize verbal messages
interchannel discrepancy
whe one verbal channel says one thing (a verbal "a like you") but another says something else (body language - leaning away from you)
consensus info
info about the extent to which other people behave the same way toward the same stimulus as the actor does
tendency for observers when analysis another's behaviour to underestimate impact of the situation and to overestimate impact of personal disposition
other enhancement
short term impression management tactic where people compliment another person and seem to admire them to increase liking and attraction and gain social influence