Chapter 13 concepts
Social rejection, income inequality, exposure to media violence, and hot weather are known correlates of this behavior.
What is aggression?
If you've become belligerent, you're at stage 3 of this model.
What is Zillman's stages of provocation?
The finding that the likelihood of being helped in an emergency is negatively correlated with the number of people who witness it.
What is the Bystander Effect?
According to this theory, controlled and autonomous motivation can lead to prosocial behaviors.
What is self-determination theory?
A formula that predicts helping will occur when the benefits to ourselves or our genetic relatives outweigh the costs.
What is Hamilton’s Inequality?
According to evolutionary theory, this should reduce the likelihood of a parent harming their child.
What is inclusive fitness?
The idea that screaming into a pillow or punching a punching bag will make you less aggressive.
What is the Catharsis Hypothesis?
When you help a homeless person on the side of the road because seeing them like that makes you feel guilty and sad.
What is Negative State Relief?
This theory posits five areas guide moral judgments.
What is moral foundations theory?
This perspective taking can motivate altruistic behavior especially if we can put ourselves in the other person's shoes.
What is empathic concern?
Harming others by damaging their social networks.
What is relational aggression?
This posits thoughtful or impulsive decisions result from situational and personal inputs; cognitions, affect, & arousal; and appraisal/decision-making processes.
What is the General Aggression Model?
Helping others purely out of selfless concern for their well-being, with no expectation of a reward.
What is Pure Altruism?
This model highlights two paths that lead to prosocial behavior.
What is the dual process model of empathy?
The reason you are more likely to donate to your little brother’s fundraiser than another kids' fundraiser.
What is Kin selection?
This construal process was leveraged when then candidate Trump called Mexican immigrants "criminals" and Clinton called half of Trump's supporters "deplorables".
What is dehumanization?
When reactivity to gender ID threats makes aggression more likely (especially among men).
What is the precarious manhood hypothesis?
A stereotypically male-oriented pattern of behavior that emphasizes being masterful, assertive, competitive, and dominant.
What is Agency?
The idea that people in cities avoid social interactions like helping strangers because they are overwhelmed by the number of people they encounter each day.
What is the Urban Overload Hypothesis?
This is a means of repairing harms done to victims that reduces the likelihood of future offenses.
What is restorative justice?
When individuals tend to perceive insults as a threat to their reputation which often leads to aggression.
What is Culture of Honor?
Support for this theory was found in experiments that involved children observing adults' aggressive behaviors.
What is social learning theory?
This economic game is commonly used among scientists who wish to study cooperation.
In the dual process model of empathy, attention moderates (influences) this path to prosocial behavior.
What is the cognitive empathy path?
Neurons that respond in parallel when we observe others experience something (e.g., we feel hungry when watching someone eat).
What are Mirror Neurons?