Basic Concepts
What are the main factors that drive social stratification?
Wealth: INCOME, MONEY, assets, occupation, education, power
The idea that society rewards more important or skilled jobs with higher pay in order to motivate people to fill them reflects which perspective?
Functionalism
What is the term for comparing countries based on wealth, status, power, and economic stability?
Global stratification
When someone loses income, employment, or status and moves to a lower social class, what is this called?
Downward mobility
A student grows up in poverty, but grows up to become a doctor. What is this an example of?
Upward Mobility
Additionally: What might have made this student’s path more difficult to becoming a doctor, why?
What system is a society where people can move up or down the social ladder through education or employment?
Open stratification system
Which sociological theory argues that social stratification benefits the powerful and keeps workers disadvantaged?
Conflict theory
What is the “Caste System” an example of
When someone moves from a lower class to a higher class due to increased income or education, what type of mobility is this?
Upward mobility
A billionaire chooses to drive a luxury car to demonstrate wealth and status. What concept describes this behavior?
Conspicuous consumption
What are the two systems of social stratification
open and closed systems
Additional- define how either or both of these systems work
Karl Marx believed society was divided between those who own the means of production and those who work for them. What are these two groups called?
Bourgeoisie and proletariat (Capitalists and workers)
What economic measure calculates the value of goods and services produced within a country each year?
GDP
When a person’s social class changes during their own lifetime, what type of mobility is this?
Intragenerational mobility
A single mother working full-time but still unable to meet basic living costs illustrates what sociological issue?
Working-poor, relative poverty
What is the name for a person’s position within stratification, often based on wealth, income, education, family background, and power?
Socioeconomic status (SES)
Which perspective studies how people display social class through everyday symbols like clothing, cars, or housing?
Symbolic interactionism
Which economic measure includes the value of goods and services produced by a nation’s citizens both inside and outside its borders?
GNP
When a child ends up in a different social class than their parents, what type of mobility is occurring?
Intergenerational mobility
A student from a low-income family becomes the first person in their family to attend college but struggles because they lack the support networks and resources many other students have. What factor discussed in stratification helps explain this challenge?
Lack of social resources/ Class traits
In the United States, many believe success comes from hard work and talent rather than inherited advantage. This is an example of
class system
additional: do you believe we are a truly open class system?
Which thesis in the chapter describes that some jobs receive higher income and prestige than others due to functional importance and training requirements?
Davis–Moore thesis
What event caused global economic inequality due to some countries not being able to ”industrialize”?
Industrial revolution
If technological change or economic recession causes an entire group of people to move up or down the class ladder, what mobility is exemplified?
Structural mobility
additional: examples?
The book speaks of a disproportionately large amount of single women households specifically living in poverty, more than their male counterparts. What is this called?
Feminization of poverty.