physical features of Ancient Egypt and Kush
The primary settlement area, providing a narrow, fertile strip of land due to annual silt deposits from flooding.
Nile River Valley
Much of the continent is a massive plateau, with high tablelands in the east and south and lower ones in the west and north.
Vast Plateaus
Africa is warming faster than the global average, intensifying heatwaves and impacting health, particularly in urban areas.
Rising temperatures
This led to a long-lasting "green apartheid," where areas designated for white citizens had more trees and parks, while non-white areas had less greenery and longer distances to public parks.
Unequal urban planning
The People's Republic of China is divided into twenty-three provinces (including the disputed Taiwan), five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (SARs) like Hong Kong and Macau, which have high autonomy
china
The desert was a significant feature of the region surrounding the Nile Valley in Kush.
Nubian Desert
The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering a significant portion of the northern continent.
Major Deserts
Despite having large river systems, water resources are unevenly distributed, leading to scarcity in many areas.
Water scarcity
Facilities were physically separated but never equal, with white areas receiving better amenities and resources.
Unequal facilities
A constitutional monarchy that is structured into prefectures as its primary administrative division
japan
Located in the north, this was the most fertile and densely populated area, where the river branches out before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea.
Nile Delta
Africa is home to major rivers such as the Nile (the longest in the world), the Congo (the second-longest), and the Niger.
Prominent Rivers
Deforestation, soil erosion, and wetland degradation contribute to the loss of fertile land, impacting agriculture.
Land degradation
Signs were used to enforce separation in public spaces like beaches, parks, and toilets.
Separate entrances and services
A liberal democracy with a system of provinces and a metropolitan city, which is its main governmental division.
south korea
South of Egypt, the Nile had several cataracts, or rocky, rapids, which made river transportation difficult.
Cataracts
This is a series of trenches and volcanic mountains that runs through eastern Africa, creating unique landscapes.
Great Rift Valley
Coastal degradation is particularly severe in West Africa, affecting infrastructure and ecosystems
Coastal erosion
The Population Registration Act of 1950 classified people into one of four groups—White, Coloured, Bantu (Black African), or Asian—based on physical appearance from birth.
Physical appearance
One of the most extreme communist dictatorships, with a highly centralized government structure.
north korea
This mountainous area provided natural resources and served as a boundary.
Red Sea Hills
The continent is home to the African Great Lakes, a series of large lakes located in the Great Rift Valley, including Lake Victoria.
Lakes
Environmental changes, including deforestation and desertification, are leading to the loss of biodiversity across the continent.
Biodiversity loss
People were required to carry internal passports that stated their racial classification
Internal passports
South Korea is a Western-style capitalist democracy.
Liberal Democracies