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Judicial Review
The right of the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates the Constitution, or to review on other acts
Tariff
A tax on imports or exports
Francis Scott Key
Wrote a poem that became known as "The Star-Spangled Banner," later known as the national anthem. Told people what he saw on the ships
Mormons
A religion where the people moved to the Great Salt Lake in present-day Utah. They were later persecuted
Levi Strauss
Sold the miners sturdy pants made of denim during the Gold Rush
Monroe Doctrine
The United States would not interfere with any existing European colonies in the Americas. No new European colonies should be set up in the Western Hemisphere
Annex
To add a territory to one's own territory
Thomas Jefferson
3rd President who purchased Louisiana from France
Zachary Taylor
Polk ordered this US army officer to march his soldiers across the disputed territory and gets into a small battle with the Mexican army to start the war
Donner Party
Party that traveled to California but only about half survived
Missouri Compromise
Henry Clay came up with the idea that Missouri was a slave state and Maine was a free state. Slavery was banned in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of the 36°30'N parallel.
Manifest Destiny
The United States was set apart for a special purpose by God to extend its boundaries all the way to the Pacific ocean
Andrew Jackson
Known as "Old Hickory," war hero of the War of 1812. 7th president
Forty-Niners
Person who went to California during the gold rush of 1849
Mountain Men
First settlers of the Oregon territory who made their living trapping (beaver) in the wilderness and gathering for an annual meeting/rendezvous
Spoils System
Practice of handing out government jobs to supporters; replacing government employees with the winning candidate's supporters. Part of Jacksonian Democracy
Rendezvous
An annual meeting where they would trade and share stories
Henry Clay
Leading War Hawk who made the Missouri Compromise, and opposed Jackson in the election of 1832
Sam Houston
Commander in chief of the Texas forces and 1st President of the Republic of Texas
Louisiana Purchase
The size of the United States doubled, and Jefferson bought it from France
Laissez-Faire
Policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation's economy
Lewis and Clark
Men who were sent by Jefferson to go on an expedition across the country, ran into Sacagawea on the way. They were to report back on any people, animals, or plants they found
Cherokee
Nation of people who didn't want to give up their land, but were later forced to move west (trail of tears)
Brigham Young
Leader of the Mormons
Tariff debate
South Carolina passed the Nullification act, declaring it would not pay the "illegal" tariffs, they threatened to break away from the Union. Jackson backed a bill that would lower the tariff