Section 23 Rights
This year the Charter of Rights and Freedoms introduced Section 23.
What is 1982?
Francophone students need schools in their own language to support this part of themselves.
What is their identity?
This section of Canada’s Constitution recognizes the Métis as one of Canada’s Aboriginal peoples.
What is Section 35?
This Métis leader headed the Red River provisional government and fought for both Francophone and Métis rights.
Who is Louis Riel?
He led the Métis during the Northwest Resistance and was executed for treason.
Who is Louis Riel?
Section 35 recognition reflects a major change in this government’s view toward Métis rights.
What is the Canadian government’s?
The constant presence of this culture increases the risk of assimilation for minority Francophones.
What is the English-speaking world?
This 1870 law granted the Métis more than 500 000 hectares of land and helped create a bilingual province.
What is the Manitoba Act?
Canada’s government originally believed it did not have to do this with the Métis regarding their entry into Canada.
What is negotiate?
This Saskatchewan community was the main site of fighting during the Northwest Resistance.
What is Batoche?
The recognition of the Métis in the constitution affirmed this type of rights they hold as First Peoples.
What are inherent rights?
Before the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Bill 101 required commercial signs to be written only in this language.
What is French?
These documents, issued from 1875–79, could be exchanged for land but often forced the Métis to move west.
What is scrip?
Unlike First Nations, the Métis did not sign these agreements with Canada’s government.
What are historic treaties (Numbered Treaties)?
The Métis sent several of these to the Canadian government to protect their land rights, but the government did not reply.
What are petitions?
Métis lobbying before 1982 aimed to have their collective rights included in this national document.
What is the Constitution / Constitution Act?
A 1988 Supreme Court decision ruled that Québec could require French on signs, but could not completely ban this second language.
What is English?
The Manitoba Act promised Métis land rights after this 1869–1870 political uprising led by Louis Riel.
What is the Red River Resistance?
Many Métis moved west into Saskatchewan and Alberta after being unable to use scrip to build these.
What are large, collective Métis land bases or communities?
At the time, many Anglophones agreed with Riel’s execution, while this group strongly opposed it.
Who are Francophones?
These rights, recognized in 1982, marked a shift from earlier government actions like scrip distribution.
What are collective Aboriginal rights?
Bill 101 declares that this group is a “distinct people” whose identity is expressed through their language.
Who are Francophones in Québec?
This idea explains that Métis rights come from being First Peoples and are not granted by governments.
What are inherent rights?
These two Alberta organizations represent Métis people today and express perspectives on Métis collective rights.
What are the Métis Nation of Alberta and the Métis Settlements General Council?
Today, many people consider Riel this type of nation-building figure for standing up for Métis and Francophone rights.
What is a Father of Confederation?