Geography
Early Americas
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Greece
Roman Empire
100
What are lines of latitude called? What name is given to 0 degrees latitude?
parallels equator
100
What early American society built roads that connected all parts of their empire?
the Incas
100
What is the longest river in the world?
The Nile River
100
Name and describe 2 of the largest Greek city-states.
Athens was a democracy and promoted education and the arts. Sparta was a military city with one of the strongest armies in Greece. Their government was an oligarchy, which means “rule by a few.”
100
What Roman general conquered many new lands for Roman in the 40’s BC? (He was killed by a group of Senators in 44 BC.)
Julius Caesar
200
What are lines of longitude called? What is given to 0 degrees longitude?
Meridians Prime Meridian
200
The Mayas, Aztecs and Incas all worshiped many gods. What is this called?
Polytheism
200
What was the title used by the rulers of ancient Egypt?
Pharoahs
200
Name 3 Greek philosophers who wrote about what is real and about human existence.
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
200
The people of Rome created a republic. What is a republic?
A republic is a type of government in which people elect leaders to make laws for them.
300
Name and describe the 2 kinds of location.
Absolute location is the exact location of a place. Relative location is the approximate location of a place, based on its relation to other places.
300
On what continent was the Incan Empire located? In what mountains was it located?
It was located in South America, in the Andes Mountains.
300
What was the name of the Egyptian writing system? It was written on papyrus. What is papyrus?
hieroglyphics Papyrus is long-lasting, paper-like substance made from reeds.
300
What is often seen as a symbol of ancient Athens? In whose honor was it built?
the Parthenon; It was built in Athena’s honor.
300
What is a government that includes many different peoples and lands under a single rule?
an empire
400
What kind of map shows landforms & bodies of water? What kind of map shows country borders and capital cities?
Physical map Political map
400
Because the Aztecs settled on a swampy island in the middle of a lake, they built causeways and chinampas. What are these two things?
Causeways are raised roads across water or wet ground. Chinampas are floating gardens.
400
What is the Rosetta Stone? How did the Rosetta Stone help historians translate hieroglyphics?
It was a stone slab discovered in 1799, that was inscribed with hieroglyphics and their Greek meanings. Scholars who knew Greek were able to figure out what the hieroglyphics said.
400
The Peloponnesian War was fought between Athens and Sparta. Who won? What was Greece like after this war was over? What conqueror took over all of Greece after this war?
Sparta won; It left Greece in shambles. Alexander the Great took over all of Greece after the war.
400
Who was Rome’s first emperor? What name was he given? What does it mean?
Octavian. He was given the name Augustus, which means “honored one.”
500
What is the name of the imaginary line around which the earth turns? What is one complete spin of Earth on its axis called? How long does this take? What is one complete trip around the sun called? How long does this take?
The imaginary line is called the axis. One complete spin of the Earth on its axis is called rotation, and it takes 24 hours. One complete trip around the sun is called revolution and takes 365 1/4 days.
500
What were Mayan temples shaped like? Why?
Maya temples were shaped like mountains. The Mayans thought this was sacred, for they allowed people to approach the gods.
500
Who was considered to be Egypt’s last great pharaoh? He was known for what 2 reasons?
Ramses He was a great warrior and a great builder.
500
How did geographical characteristics contribute to the formation of separate Greek city-states?
These rugged mountains, (the TERRAIN OF GREECE) islands, peninsulas and isolated valleys separated the groups of people. This is why the city-states were isolated from each other.
500
Give 3 reasons for the decline of the Roman Empire.
1.Poor leaders cared less for the people of Rome than they did for their own happiness. 2. Taxes and prices rose, increasing poverty. 3. People became less loyal to Rome. 4. Military leaders fought each other for power. 5. The empire was too large for a single person to govern well. 6. Barbarians invaded the empire from the outside.
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