GRAPES
Japan's geography as a chain of islands gave it natural protection from
invasion. This geographic feature describes a country made entirely of islands.
What is an archipelago
The Byzantine Empire was the continuation of this ancient empire after its
western half collapsed in 476 CE.
What is the Roman Empire
During the Nika Riots of 532 CE, Empress Theodora reportedly gave this type
of speech — urging Justinian not to flee Constantinople
What is a speech of
courage/defiance (she urged him
to stay and fight)?
Both Judaism and Islam prohibit eating this type of meat, making it forbidden in
both Halal and Kosher dietary laws.
What is pork?
The Umayyad Caliphate fell and was replaced by this dynasty, which moved the
Islamic capital to Baghdad.
What is the Abbasid
Caliphate?
This is the term for a religion that believes in only one God — a category that
includes Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
What is monotheism.
This magnificent Byzantine church, later converted to a mosque, stands in
modern-day Istanbul and was the largest cathedral in the world for nearly 1,000
years.
What is the Hagia Sophia
Justinian's general Belisarius successfully reconquered this region from the
Vandals.
What is North Africa?
All three faiths — Judaism, Christianity, and Islam — trace their
roots to this ancient patriarch.
Who is Abraham?
The Islamic Golden Age, centered under the Abbasids, produced major
advances in these three fields of knowledge.
What are mathematics,
astronomy, and medicine
(accept any two)?
Shintoism, Japan's indigenous religion, holds that spiritual forces called kami
inhabit this.
What is Nature.
The Great Schism of 1054 divided Christianity into these two branches.
What are Roman Catholicism
and Eastern Orthodoxy?
Theodora's background before becoming empress — as a performer — made
her rise to power especially remarkable in this type of society.
What is a patriarchal
(male-dominated) society?
This Japanese religion views the natural world as sacred and full of spiritual
presence, shaping Japanese attitudes toward nature for centuries.
What is Shintoism?
The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire all the way to this Iberian peninsula in
Europe, entering through North Africa.
What is Spain?
The Great Schism of 1054 split Christianity into Roman Catholicism and this
Eastern branch, which became the official faith of the Byzantine Empire.
What is Eastern Orthodoxy.
The controversy over whether to use religious images in worship — which
divided the Byzantine Empire — is known as this.
What is Iconoclasm (the
Iconoclast Controversy)?
The Justinian Code, also known as the Corpus Juris Civilis, had enormous
influence on the legal systems of these modern regions.
What is Europe (the Western
legal tradition)?
This is the Muslim practice of pilgrimage to Mecca, required at least once in a
lifetime for those who are able, and is one of the Five Pillars of Islam.
What is Hajj?
After Muhammad's death, a dispute over his successor led to the permanent
split between these two major branches of Islam.
What are Sunni and Shia
Islam?
In Feudal Japan, the emperor held symbolic power while actual political and
military authority rested with this military ruler.
What is the shogun.
The Justinian Code reorganized centuries of this civilization's laws, forming the
foundation of the Byzantine legal system.
What is Roman law
This 6th-century Byzantine historian wrote the official Buildings praising Justinian's reign — but secretly authored the Anekdota which accused Justinian and Theodora of corruption, cruelty, and even demonic behavior.
Who is Procopius
Buddhism teaches this is the ultimate goal.
What is Nirvana?
This Arabic term refers to the community of all Muslim believers worldwide,
transcending national and ethnic boundaries.
What is the Ummah?