Module 1
Who could vote during the Early Republic?
White men who owned property
How did the Whiskey Rebellion test the power of the executive branch?
George Washington used the national army to stop the rebellion and uphold a tax on whiskey that Pennsylvania wanted him to repeal.
How did the ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland define the division of power between the national and state governments?
Necessary and Proper Clause gave the national government implied powers, or more powers than those listed in the Constitution, as well as noted that the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution makes the laws of the national government supreme over state laws.
What is significant about the civic participation of Americans during the Early Republic?
Women and people of color were not allowed to vote. White men who owned property were allowed to vote. Women participated by spreading the idea of republican motherhood - raising children to be good citizens.
In New Jersey, could vote for a short time during the Early Republic?
Women
How did Native Nations and the national government interact during the Early Republic?
Native nations and the national government made many treaties for land and resources, many of which were broken, forced, and/or not honored.
How was the division of power between state and national governments debated during the Nullification Crisis?
South Carolina believed that states had the power to determine if a national law was constitutional nullified two national tariff laws. President Jackson was prepared to use military force to enforce the tariff laws in South Carolina. Congress created a compromise that lowered the tariff amount, and South Carolina agreed to enforce the law.
What is significant about how the branches of government used the powers granted to them by the Constitution during the Early Republic?
The government tested and defined their powers and checks and balances on each other through court cases, a war, and the expansion of the country.
How was Republican Motherhood a form of civic participation?
Women were raising the next generations of patriots
Why did the Alien and Sedition Acts cause debates about the powers of the national government?
The Sedition Act suppressed freedom of speech by making it illegal to criticize the government.
How did the national government interact with foreign powers during the Early Republic?
The national government made treaties and told Europe that it could not colonize the Western Hemisphere and the U.S. would stay out of European affairs.
What is significant about the division of power between the national and state governments during the Early Republic?
The national government showed that it was supreme over the laws of the states and that states can make their own laws but cannot nullify national (federal) laws.
Why do political parties develop?
People who have different points of view create groups who then vote and campaign for their views.
What were the effects of the Louisiana Purchase?
The U.S. gained a port in New Orleans, gained access to the entire Mississippi River, and nearly doubled the size of the United States.
How did the ruling in Marbury v Madison define the powers of the judicial branch?
It established the principle of judicial review, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes they find to violate the Constitution of the United State
What is most significant about the Early Republic?
The national government tested and defined its powers through voting, republican motherhood, a war, purchasing land, treaties with Native Nations, and deciding how the state governments and national government could and would interact with each other.
What precedent was set by the election of 1800?
Peaceful transfer of power
What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812?
The British were impressing United States sailors to serve on British ships, blockades restricted trade, and struggles with Native Nations. This led to an increase in manufacturing, treaties with Native Nations, and agreements with Britain and Europe preventing them from colonizing the Western Hemisphere.
Who was the first president?
George Washington
How old is the United States?
249 years old.
Will be 250 on July 4th, 2026