Major Legislation & Programs
This 1935 act established Social Security, unemployment insurance, and aid to dependent children
What is the Social Security Act?
This 1930s era of federal programs, led by President FDR, responded to the Great Depression
What is the New Deal?
What type of benefit is restricted based on income, unlike a universal benefit
What is means-tested?
This is the first chamber in which a federal bill is typically introduced in if it involves revenue
What is the House of Representatives?
This perspective generally favors limited government intervention and individual responsibility in welfare
What is a conservative perspective?
This is the group of people a policy is designed to serve or affect
What is the target population?
This program, created in 1996 to replace Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), imposed time limits and work requirements
What is Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (also known as TANF)?
This 1960s set of programs under LBJ included Medicare, Medicaid, and the War on Poverty
What is the Great Society?
This model of welfare views government aid as temporary, last-resort safety net
What is the residual model?
This committee stage is where a bill can be amended, held, or killed before a floor vote
What is markup (committee review)?
This perspective generally favors government intervention to correct social and economic inequities
What is a liberal perspective?
This term describes where the money for a program comes from—federal, state, or a mix
What is the funding source?
This federal nutrition program was formerly known as food stamps
What is the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (also known as SNAP)?
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), passed in 1996, is commonly known by this two-word name
What is welfare reform?
This model of welfare views government aid as a normal, first-line function of society
What is the institutional model?
This term describes organized efforts to influence legislators on behalf of a cause
What is advocacy or lobbying?
This perspective calls for fundamental restructuring of economic and social systems, not just reform
What is a radical or structural perspective?
These are the specific requirements someone must meet to qualify for a benefit or program
What are eligibility criteria?
This 2010 law expanded Medicaid eligibility and created health insurance marketplaces
What is the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?
This era of law is considered the historical foundation of public poor relief in the English and American tradition
What are the Poor Laws?
This type of federal funding gives states a fixed sum with broad discretion over spending
What is a block grant?
DAILY DOUBLE: This term describes the ongoing, cyclical process of evaluating a policy after implementation and using findings to revise it
What is policy evaluation/feedback?
This term describes the belief that poverty results primarily from individual failings
What is individual blame?
This term describes outcomes of a policy that were not intended or foreseen by its designers
What are unintended consequences?
This program provides cash assistance to the elderly, blind, and disabled individuals, funded by general tax revenue rather than payroll taxes
What is Supplemental Security Income (also known as SSI)?
This 1601 concept distinguished those seen as worthy of public aid from those deemed able-bodied, but unwilling to work
What is the deserving vs. undeserving poor distinction?
This term describes a benefit that anyone meeting the criteria is legally guaranteed to receive
What is an entitlement?
This is the final step before a bill becomes a law, where the president can approve or reject it
What is signing or veto?
This term describes the belief that poverty results primarily from systemic conditions
What is a structural explanation of poverty?
When analyzing a policy, this term describes weighing its benefits against its costs to determine overall value
What is cost-benefit analysis?