The EBP Process
This is the first step of the EBP process, which involves converting a clinical need into a structured, answerable question.
What is Formulating a Research Question (or PICO)?
This is the "Gold Standard" design for testing the efficacy of an intervention because it uses random assignment to minimize bias.
What is a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)?
This level of measurement categorizes data into mutually exclusive groups with no inherent order (e.g., gender, race).
What is Nominal?
This document, created after the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, outlines the three core ethical principles: Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice.
What is the Belmont Report?
Unlike quantitative research, qualitative research usually uses this type of sampling, where participants are chosen based on specific characteristics.
What is Purposive Sampling?
In the PICO acronym, the "C" stands for this, which allows practitioners to compare the primary intervention against an alternative.
What is Comparison?
This type of research design uses numerical data and statistical analysis to test hypotheses.
What is Quantitative Research?
This type of sampling gives every member of the population an equal chance of being selected.
What is random sampling?
Before participating in a study, individuals must be given all necessary information and voluntarily agree via this process.
What is Informed Consent?
This qualitative method involves the researcher immersing themselves in a culture or subculture to observe behaviors and interactions.
What is Ethnography?
This type of study, which sits at the top of the "Evidence Pyramid," synthesizes results from multiple randomized controlled trials.
What is a Systematic Review (or Meta-Analysis)?
In an experiment, this is the variable that the researcher manipulates or the intervention being tested.
What is the Independent Variable?
This term refers to the "consistency" of a measure—whether it produces the same result every time.
What is Reliability?
This campus body is responsible for reviewing research proposals to ensure the protection of human subjects.
What is the Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
This is the process of using multiple data sources or methods to confirm findings and increase the "trustworthiness" of qualitative data.
What is Triangulation?
An intervention that has been tested and shown effective through rigorous research.
What is an evidence-based intervention?
This type of validity refers to the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other populations or settings.
What is External Validity?
This sampling method divides the population into subgroups and randomly samples from each group.
What is stratified sampling?
This term refers to research that is conducted "with" the community rather than "on" the community, often involving stakeholders in the design.
What is Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR)?
This specific qualitative approach aims to describe the "lived experience" of a particular phenomenon from the individual's perspective.
What is Phenomenology?
EBP is defined as the integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and these.
What are Client Values/Preferences?
This statistical value indicates the magnitude or strength of a relationship or intervention effect, regardless of sample size.
What is Effect Size (e.g., Cohen's d)?
This type of scale asks respondents to rate their level of agreement, typically ranging from "Strongly Disagree" to "Strongly Agree."
What is a Likert Scale?
This qualitative method involves identifying patterns or themes across participants’ narratives or transcripts.
What is thematic analysis?
In Grounded Theory, this is the point in data collection where no new information or themes are observed.
What is Theoretical Saturation?