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The All-or-nothing Principle:
An individual either has a diagnosable mental disorder or they do not
May vary in severity or duration
Define Stigma in mental illness and how it is problematic
stereotypes or negative views attributed to a person or groups of people when their characteristics or behaviors are viewed as different from or inferior to societal norms
Prevents people from seeking help
How would you describe mental health?
Effective functioning in daily activities resulting in:
Productive activities (such as in work, school, or caregiving)
Healthy relationships
The ability to adapt to change and cope with adversity
The Rosenhan Experiment shows..
How difficult is it to accurately diagnose mental illness
The purpose of using the DSM is to:
Compare an individual’s specific experiences to a set of symptom criteria
Determine WHETHER someone has a disorder(s) or not
Determine WHICH disorder(s) they have
What is Abnormal Psychology
Abnormal psychology is the branch of psychology devoted to the study, assessment, treatment, and prevention of mental illness
Define Deviance when diagnosing mental illness
Being statistically different than the norm
Define Dysfunction while identifying mental illness
Impairs or impedes their life; Examples..
Breaking the law; Jail
Unable to live independently
Can’t hold a job or attend school
Unable to form meaningful relationships
Define distress while identifying mental illness
Causes the individual concern, suffering, or stress (or reasonably should)
Define Dangerousness in diagnosing mental illness
Poses risk to themselves or others
What does the Milgram Experiment investigate?
People's obedience to authority
What type of influence: People go along with the crowd because the actions of others often provide information as to what is socially appropriate.
Information Influence
Name the type of influence: People go along with the crowd because they are concerned about what others think of them.
Normative Influence
The tendency to assign favorable attributions for our own behavior
Self Serving Bias
The tendency to overestimate the influence of dispositional factors for others (and underestimate the role of the situation)
Fundamental Attribution Error
The tendency to attribute socially desirable traits to people who are physically attractive is called
The Halo Effect
The automatic and immediate first judgement of others
Snapshot Judgment
The tendency to interpret new evidence as confirmation of one’s existing beliefs or theories
Confirmation Bias
a specific belief or assumption about individuals based solely on their membership in a group, regardless of their individual characteristics
Stereotype
we attribute behavior to the person’s traits – like their personality, genetics, or some other stable, enduring factor about themselves
Dispositional attribution
when the expectations of a leader/superior engender behavior from subordinates that is consistent with these expectations
A form of the “self-fulfilling prophecy”
The Pygmalion Effect
A tendency to remember the first piece of information we encounter better than we remember information presented later on
The Primacy effect
A collection of basic knowledge about a concept or entity that serves as a guide to perception, interpretation, imagination, or problem solving
Schema
The more we authentically interact with individuals who are different than ourselves, the less likely we are to rely on stereotypes
The Contact hypothesis
Attributing behavior to the situation not the individual is called..
Situational Attribution