Social Identity Theory
According to Social Identity Theory we think about and categorize ourselves in terms of this
What is group membership?
The 36 boys and 36 girls used in Bandura's famous Bobo Doll experiment were all within this age range.
What is 3 - 6 years old?
Woman are talented speakers is an example of this type of stereotype.
What is a positive stereotype?
This is a set of rules based on socially or culturally shared beliefs of how an individual ought to behave to be accepted within that group.
What is a cultural norm?
Hofstede’s classic research at this company involved a factor analysis on the questionnaires given to employees focusing on the key differences submitted by employees in different countries.
What is IBM?
S.I.T Theory is based on the cognitive process of social categorization. Social categorization is the process of classifying people into these.
What are in-groups and out-groups?
According to Bandura, social cognitive learning involves these four cognitive factors.
What are Attention, Retention, Motivation, Potential?
This theory of stereotype formation argues that it happens when people see a relationship between two variables even when there is none.
What is the illusory correlation?
Psychology studies that are looking for “rules” of human behavior that could be applied to all cultures around the world are taking this approach.
What is the etic approach?
Under one extreme of this cultural dimension privacy is not expected, Social harmony is valued, and rule-breaking leads to shame/loss of face.
What is collectivism?
S.I.T predicts that when one of our social identities becomes this, it will have an influence on our behavior.
What is salient?
According to S.C.T. consistency of the model and these other 2 factors influence whether or not the observer is motivated to imitate the behavior.
What are identification with the model and likability of the model?
The argument that stereotype formation comes from real experience with some individuals from the group that is then generalized to all is called this.
What is the grain of truth hypothesis?
A quasi-experiment carried out by Kearins (1981) investigated why indigenous children tend to score low on Western verbal intelligence tests in this country.
What is Australia?
After Kulkofsky ey al used this list of public events they remembered given by participants to create a "memory questionnaire." They asked them five questions about how they learned about the event that mirrored the original questionnaire used by these researchers.
Who are Brown and Kulik?
In his 1971 experience Tajfel put a sample of 48 boys, ages 14-15 in groups supposedly based on their preference for one of these two artists?
Who are Klee and Kandinsky?
Social cognitive learning theory argues that learning is most likely to occur if the observer has a strong belief in one's ability to successfully accomplish a task, referred to as this.
What is self-efficacy?
These two researchers aimed to find out how stereotype threat affects test performance in African Americans on tests related to intellectual ability.
Who are Steele and Aronson?
Kearins placed 20 objects on a board divided into 20 squares. indigenous and white Western children were told to study the board for 30 seconds. Then the objects were gathered together and placed in a pile in the center of the board and the children were asked to place the objects on the board in the same arrangement. The results showed this.
What is that the indigenous children correctly relocated more objects than did white Australian children?
After Kulkofsky ey al used this list of public events they remembered given by participants to create a "memory questionnaire." They asked them five questions about how they learned about the event that mirrored the original questionnaire used by these researchers.
Who are Brown and Kulik?
Because of the nature of the group division in his 1971 experiment, Tajfel demonstrated that this is all that is necessary for individuals to exhibit discrimination against an out-group.
What is minimal group identification?
In order to try and control for the child's level of aggression in the different groups of the Bobo doll experiment experiment Bandura used this.
What is matched-pairs design?
These were the two independent variables in the 1995 study of the possible effects of stereotype threat on African Americans.
What were the race of the participant and the test descriptions (diagnose intellectual ability vs. test problem solving skills)
Kulkofsky et al (2011) studied participants in these five countries to see if there was any difference in the rate of flashbulb memories in collectivistic vs. individualistic cultures.
What are China, Germany, Turkey, the UK, and the USA?
Daily Double
Daily Double