language socialization
how do we call the first stage of language acquisition?(steps)
Learning to differentiate and produce sounds
it is is a socializing agent because it is where children learn the role expectations for adults as well as themselves. it provides a sense of identity to individuals and helps to define what is right or wrong
community
The first element to describe the nature of individual`s bilingualism is
to identify each of the languages
Ability to speak two or more languages
Bilingualism
use of elements from two languages in the same utterance or in the same stretch of conversation”
code switching
one of the kinds of socialization in which the internalization of specific language forms by becoming a speaker of a language leads to particular understandings
socialization through mastering language forms
it is an important secondary agent of socialization. children learn behaviors like teamwork, following a schedule, and using textbooks
school
Many people obtain reading knowledge of a language at school but cannot speak it so how is this feature of bilingualism called?
the skill
The ability of an individual speaker to speak two or more languages with native or near native proficiency
Individual Bilingualism
this type of code switching occurs outside the sentence or clause
inter sentential
where occurs the best example of context-specific socialization
in the classroom
they can be both formal and informal institutions, any is an important avenue of socialization for many people
religions
someone with greater proficiency in one of his or her languages and uses it significantly more than the other language
dominant bilingual
The mutual abilities of a community to speak two or more languages with native or near native proficiency
Societal Bilingualism
The movement back and forth between two languages or dialects within the same sentence.
Codeswitching
this kind of socializationn is more activity-based sense of how children are socialized through language: cultural information is communicated through talk during everyday interactions
socialization through participating in interaction
this agent of socialization provides support and guidance during this time, and help people learn about the norms and values of their culture — as well as what to wear, eat, watch, and where to spend time
peers
the second language is acquired and the speaker’s native language deteriorates.
Substractive
The situation in nations in which two or more languages are spoken and recognized as official or national languages
Multilingualism
it serves as an ethnic identity maker or solidarity maker within a sentence
tag switching
this socialization involves learning of the attitudes, values and norms of one’s culture. The family is the first point of an individual’s interaction
primary socialization
People and groups that influence our self- concept, emotions, attitudes, and behavior
agents of socialization
this type of dimension of bilingualism refers to the way or environment in which the languages are learnt. A ‘natural bilingual’ or ‘primary bilingual’ would have learnt two languages in a natural way from
his or her family and environment, and an infant or child bilingual might fi t into these types.
the context of acquisition
infant bilingualism is also known as
simultenous bilingualism
explain lacch of register function
when speaker are not competent in two languages