Australian First Nations Culture
Describe the 4 components of non-material culture
Symbols, languages, values and norms
Stuart Hall created this theory
Ethnic Hybridity
What is the definition of community?
A group of people who share social relationships through being geographically close to each other, are in regular contact and have mutual interests or shared ideology.
Name the 4 types of social movements
Alternative, reformative, redemptive and revolutionary,
How many points is an extended response worth?
10
"An awareness of the relationship between personal experience and wider society" what does this describe
The sociological Imagination by Charles Wright Mills
Describe the process of othering? For a bonus 10 points name an early Government policy that helped create the idea of "us and them"
Othering is a process where the dominant cultural makes people from a different ethnic or cultural background feel like they don't belong because they don't fit the norms and values of a group - "us and them". The white Australia Policy and its citizenship tests.
Name 3 characteristics of a Gemeinschaft community?
Small, intimate bonds between members, strong social ties and interdependent relationships. Resistant to change. Typically, rural and/or farming. Shared values and goals.
Name the stages of a social movement. Bonus 10 points for who created this framework/theory.
Emergence, coalescence, bureaucratisation, decline
Blumer, 1969.
True or False: you can use examples from any area of study to answer any question if the example fits?
False.
Give an example of a historic ethnocentric representation and a contemporary culturally relative representation?
The $2 coin, (ethnocentric and historic)
The new $5 note without the king and with Aboriginal Artwork designed by an Aboriginal artist.
What are the areas that must be considered in ethical methodology? 10 bonus points if you can name the body that oversees research in Australia
Informed consent, voluntary participation, privacy, and confidentiality of data. TASA - The Australian Sociological Association.
What are the factors we use to discuss a community?
Economic, social, political, geographic and ICT
Name the 5 possible types of decline.
success, failure, repression, co-optation and establishment in the mainstream.
When must a researcher use ethical methodology when conducting social research?
Always
Name the stages of historical suppression
Frontier wars, protections and segregation, assimilation, intervention
What are the 3 factors that prevent or enable feelings of belong and inclusion?
Responses to cultural practices, media representations and political factors
Name the two theories we use in community and who created them and what they are trying to explain.
Michael Maffesoli's theory (1988) of Neotribes which describes the connections people make in modern societies around interest groups. This was in reaction to the ideas of individualism that existed about modern societies.
Give an example of each of the 4 types of social movements
Alternative - Slip slop slap campaign
Redemptive - Tiny house movement, Quit smoking campaign
Reformative - Marriage equality
Revolutionary - Russian Revolution
What 4 terms and one methodology cross over into more than one area of study?
Ethical Methodology in research (ethnicity and community
Ethnocentric and culturally relative (Australian First Nations cultures and ethnicity)
Material and non-material culture (Australian First Nations cultures and ethnicity)
Added bonus Belonging and inclusion (ethnicity, community and to a smaller extent social movements)
Recall two quotes that relates to the issue of changing the date. You must state who said them and in what year.
"I am proud to be an Australian and I love my country. It's just that date for many people means hurt and pain" Kaitlyn, 2024 young Australian
"Who is celebrating invasion, murder and theft this 26th of January" Lydia Thorpe, Member of Parliament, 2024.
"I seriously question, and have done so for more than a decade, if a change of date will help Aboriginal people in any practical way." Pat Cummins, Australian Cricket Captain, 2024.
"We feel Australia Day is about coming together, sharing our stories as Indigenous people and keeping our culture strong." David Miller, Aboriginal Artist, 2024
What is the difference between ethnic diversity and multiculturalism. Give a definition for multiculturism and outline how ethnic diversity is measured in Australia.
Ethnic diversity refers to the statistics collected in the census by the ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) The questions asked relating to this question are where were you born? What is your ancestry (name up to 2 ancestries only) What languages are spoken at home?
Multiculturalism refers to a policy of celebrating diversity and living harmoniously. It is the practice of different cultures co-existing peacefully and equitably in one country.
Name the 8 components of geographical characteristics of a community
proximity
accessibility
climate
scenic quality
landforms
natural resources
built features
population
Who is Chenoweth? Outline her research with statistics and explain how it can be applied to the ability of social movements to create social change.
Erica Chenoweth is an academic researcher who researched nonviolent revolutions and fund them to be more effective than violent ones. They are twice as likely (53% as opposed to 26%) to succeed. Non violent campaigns focused on building public support media coverage, legal and policy changes building alliances, economic factors and the ability to access resources and effectively communicate their goals. These factors lead to mass mobilisation and inclusive movements that build momentum "Mobilising ordinary people in nonviolent direct action still remains the most effective way to create social change." Almira Tanner, 2021 .from Direct Action Everywhere
Outline the key steps to success in studying for your exam.
Consistency. Knowing what is required in the exam. Practice timing of questions. Know your evidence and how to use it.