People
The man whose work in evolution inspired Social Darwinism
Who is Charles Darwin?
Elements that disrupt social stability
What are dysfunctional elements?
The variable that the researcher changes to try to determine the validity of the hypothesis
What is the independent variable?
Ideas, beliefs, social roles, rules, ethics, attitudes, etc; things you cannot touch
What is nonmaterial culture?
The study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior
What is sociology?
The German philosopher whose work inspired both conflict theory and economic determinism
Who is Karl Marx?
Consequences that are intended and commonly recognized
What are manifest functions?
Data that appears as a number or statistic
What is quantitative data?
Traditional behavior or way of life of a community or group
What are folkways?
A symbolic system through which people communicate and transmit culture
What is a language?
Who are human geographers?
States that society is a system of interconnected parts that work together to maintain a state of balance and social equilibrium
What is functionalism?
Data collected by previous sociologists or institutions
What is secondary data?
Formal or informal standards enacted by a political entity and enforced by agents with recognized authority
What are laws?
One-on-one interaction between sociologist and participant with pre-approved questions; either in-person or on-call
What are structured interviews?
The anthropologist who created cultural relativism from his work deconstructing scientific racism
Who is Franz Boas?
Emphasizes that human behavior is influenced by definitions and meaning created and maintained through symbolic interaction with others
What is symbolic interactionism?
One-on-one interaction between sociologist and participant in a conversation format
What is an unstructured interview?
The belief that another culture is better than one’s own
What is xenocentrism?
Emphasized the effects of individual psychological factors on the behavior of large groups and societies
What is social psychology?
The French philosopher who coined the term "sociology"
Who is August Comte?
States that society is composed of different groups and interests competing for power and resources
What is conflict theory?
The name of the experiment where researchers examined how group behavior would influence individual actions; participants were more likely to conform to the group's incorrect answer even when they knew it was wrong
What is the Asch Conformity Experiment?
Social change and stability is a process of negotiated exchanges between parties
What is social exchange theory?
A dynamic sequence of social actions between individuals or groups who modify their actions and reactions due to actions by their interaction partners
What is social interaction?