1 Socio‐technical approach - study needs to be approached from a socio‐technical viewpoint.
2 Technological inequality- Technology and innovation are closely interwoven with economics and hence have consequences for our understanding of inequality.
3 Social change- Change results inevitably from technological developments.
100
it is described as a significant movement of structured social action or social structure taking place in society, community or social group
What is Social change
100
Pacey believed that Technology couldnt be neutral, why?
while a basic machine removed from its point of origin may appear at first glance to be culturally neutral, the web of human activities surrounding the machine, including its symbolic status and uses, quickly negate its neutrality.
ie AK-47
100
What is the Model of regressiveness?
the view that technology is regressive because instead of society aiming toward moral progress, by questioning the present production system with its inequalities, power relations, and injustices.
technological progress and failure is put at the forefront of debates, serving as a distraction from this more critical engagement with technology.
100
Why has The amount of electronic waste produced annually steadily risen?
Globalization
Development
Population growth
Declining retail prices
200
social and technological are closely interwoven. they influence each other what is the process called?
called mutual shaping process
200
What are the dimensions of change
Space (macro, meso, micro)
Time (short, medium, long-term)
Speed (slow/evolutionary, fast/revolutionary)
Direction (forward/backward)
Content (sociological, economic, etc.)
Impact (peaceful/violent
200
What two spheres does Jonas divide technology into.
1 Traditional technologies
ie. stationary and passive characteristics representing a possession and a set of implements and skills
2 Modern technologies
An active process and a dynamic thrust
200
what describes technologies that do not have a clear purpose in society?
What is gizmo
200
At least 20 million tons of household electronic waste is produced globally every year, but how much does WEEE suggest is made?
closer to 40-50 million tons.
300
What is technological determinism?
technology is the single most important precursor of social change
300
Supporters of this perspective argue that technology is impartial because, unlike humans, it lacks a set of moral values and direction.
What is neutrality of technology
300
Heidegger describes destiny as _____?
a direction
300
What is technological utopianism?
society uses technology to create and maintain and idealized societal form.
Supporters of technological utopianism make technological progress = progress itself (not just a means to progress).
300
What is Time-space compression?
results from heavy reliance on technology that allows for interactions and the flow of information to occur at a faster pace and without constraints of distance
ie smart phone
400
Technological inequality generally occurs on three levels (Schumpeter), what are they?
1 Gap between those involved in innovation vs. those in the workforce continues to grow ie Bill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg
2 The difference in society between the haves and have-nots often plays out in terms of technological savviness
Those who lack technological skills finding it hard to get a job
3 A global digital divide exists between those nations who invent, produce, and distribute new technology and those who continue to fall behind it
400
Swedish philosopher Sundström has described three instances in which technology can be deemed as value-neutral, what are they
1 Multiple uses of tools
2 Uncontextualized tool
3 Tool as science
400
What is Heidegger’s solution?
to not outright reject technology but the detach ourselves and extensively question technology’s purpose and role in society – which he refers to as the essence of technology
400
the Technology = progress view leads to a series of 4 key questions which are?
1 Is technological change always necessary?
2 Does technological advancement improve humanity?
3 are there unaccounted-for consequences of technology that are not always apparent?
4 Does the technology-as-progress paradigm reflect capitalist notions of society?
400
what is Information overload?
the inability to effectively make decisions because of too much information
500
What is Net Neutrality?
If net neutrality were lost, a select group of customers would get preferential treatment, as data would travel at different, pre-determined speeds on the net
500
how does feenberg feel about technology neutrality?
technology cannot be referred to as neutral because it is imbued with the values present in the particular culture or civilization from which it originated
500
What is Moral backwardness?
individuals stand vis-à-vis technology as inferior entities, who do not question the nature of their social systems
500
What is WEEE
waste of electric and electronic equipment
500
Deterritorialization
describes how in a networked society we observe collisions of social spheres and social roles