Groups
The most intimate and unstable of all social groups. Two people.
Dyad
The earliest type of society.
Hunting and Gathering
Violation of social/cultural norms
deviance
Tool that made agriculture easier and caused hunting gathering societies to transform to agricultural.
According to Jared Diamond, these are the reasons why one society dominates another.
Guns, Germs, and Steel
The largest group that sociologists study.
Society
Society characterized by production of information and the provisions of services
Postindustrial
This theory of deviance states that as people are given labels by society they begin to act within those roles assigned to them.
Labeling Theory/Techniques of Neutralization
Tool that transformed agricultural societies to industrial societies
Steam engine
The smaller the group, the more _________ and the less _______.
intimacy; stability
This type of group has clearly defined structure, goals, and activities.
Hundreds of people; fixed settlements; direct democracy; kinship families
Tribes
This theory states that individuals under stress are more likely to commit deviant acts.
Strain Theory
Discovery of this transformed postindustrial societies to bioeconomic societies.
DNA/genetics
Which experiment dealt with conformity to a group?
Asch Experiment
Groups that provide a sense of identification or belonging - reference groups would fall under this type.
In-groups
Society in which the subsistence strategy is vegetables are grown in garden plots
Horticultural and Pastoral
This theory states that deviance is caused by push and pull factors whereas conformity is caused or hindered by inner and outer controls.
Control-Containment Theory
Marx believe societies transform because of
capitalism
This ensures that people follow norms and is done through sanctions, shaming ceremonies, and degradation ceremonies.
Social Control
Define boundaries
Select leaders
Control members
Functions of a group
Several thousands; permanent centralized authority; trade with others; don't know each other as well
Chiefdoms
Smiles, waves, thumbs up are all considered
positive sanctions
Weber believed societies transformed because of
religion which led to capitalism
A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.
Bureaucracy