Crowd Types
At a birthday party, guests are singing, laughing, and sharing heartfelt stories about the birthday person. The atmosphere is filled with joy and celebration. Is it Casual, Conventional, Expressive, Acting, or Protest?
Expressive
A relatively large number of people who are in one another’s immediate vicinity.
A Crowd
Emphasizes the importance of social norms in shaping crowd behavior and says that crowds develop their own definition of a situation and establish norms for behavior that fit the occasion.
Emergent norm theory
Civilizations are organisms: they are born, have enthusiastic youth, come to maturity, then decline and die
Natural cycles theories
The French Revolution is this kind of social movement... Alternative, Revolutionary, Religious, Resistance, or Reform
Revolutionary
A mob has formed in response to a perceived injustice, and the crowd is shouting and ready to take action against a specific individual. Is it Casual, Conventional, Expressive, Acting, or Protest?
Acting
Voluntary, often spontaneous activity that is engaged in by a large number of people and typically violates dominant-group norms and values.
Collective behavior
when certain conditions necessary for the development of a social movement exist, a social movement can form
Value-added theory
Importance of politics, ideology, and culture in creating a social movement
New social movement theory
In the 16th century, Martin Luther unknowingly created Lutheranism when he posted the 95 Theses on the doors of the Catholic church as a criticism, sparking a movement. Alternative, Revolutionary, Religious, Resistance, or Reform?
Religious
A group of workers gathers outside a factory to demand better wages and working conditions. They are holding signs and chanting slogans. Is it Casual, Conventional, Expressive, Acting, or Protest?
Protest
Focuses on the social-psychological aspects of collective behavior and argues that people are more likely to engage in a crowd because they are anonymous and feel invulnerable.
Contagion Theory
the ability of members of a social movement to acquire resources and mobilize people in order to advance their cause is important
Resource mobilization theory
when people see their situation worsening, they may form a social movement to fight back
Declining privilege theory
Recently before the holidays, Amazon workers decided to strike to advocate for better working conditions. Alternative, Revolutionary, Religious, Resistance, or Reform?
Reform
People gather briefly at a street corner, waiting for the light to change so they can cross the street. While they may stand close together, their primary focus is on crossing, not on interacting with one another. Is it Casual, Conventional, Expressive, Acting, or Protest?
Casual
Social unrest is transmitted through THIS IDEA, which is the interactive communication between persons such that the discontent of one person is communicated to another, who, in turn, reflects the discontent back to the first person.
Circular Reaction
All societies follow the same path of moving from simple to complex
Lewis Morgan’s theory of three stages: savagery, barbarism, civilization
Unilinear
The discontent people feel when they compare their situation with other members of society and find that they have less than they think they deserve
Relative deprivation theory
Ever since the war between Gaza and Israel, Free Palestine movements have been created... What kind of social movement? Alternative, Revolutionary, Religious, Resistance, or Reform
Resistance/Reactionary
Everyone gathered at the movies at 2pm to see Wicked. Is it Casual, Conventional, Expressive, Acting, or Protest?
Conventional
People with similar attributes find a collectivity of like-minded persons with whom they can express their underlying personal tendencies.
Convergence theory
Technology changes society by: invention, accumulation, diffusion, adjustment
Ogburn’s theory
Why are the Masses different than "crowds"?
The masses do NOT have to be in one's immediate vicinity.
PETA is an organization advocating for people to NOT eat meat because animals should be valued. Alternative, Revolutionary, Religious, Resistance, or Reform?
Alternative