People
This Macedonian technically wasn't Greek, but spread Greek philosophy and culture to all the areas he conquered in the eastern Mediterranean and beyond.
Who is Alexander?
A Greek word meaning "pride beyond one's station," for instance mortals thinking they are better or in a position to criticize the gods.
What is hubris (hybris)?
This Greek word means "love of wisdom," and anciently included all intellectual subjects from math and science to literature and ethical reasoning.
What is philosophy?
Literally "rule by the people" in Greek, this type of government puts important decisions to the citizenry at large for vote by the general assembly.
What is democracy?
The idea that human forms (such as the human body), characteristics, affairs, and values should take highest priority in intellectual or artistic pursuit.
What is humanism?
This Athenian did everything he could to use city resources toward building up a strong, sizable naval force as a defense against invading Persians.
Who is Themistocles?
The ancient Greek tradition of hospitality which obligated hosts to take care of guests and created bonds of fellowship that sometimes spanned generations and even nationalities.
What is xenia?
The science and technique of persuasion, historically employed in public speaking. It would make up a large portion of affluent young men's education in ancient Greece and Rome.
What is rhetoric?
Literally "high city" in Greek, this was the most fortified part of the city, which housed a temple and/or the most important civic buildings.
What is the acropolis?
The following of ancient principles and style in art and literature, generally associated with harmony, restraint, and adherence to recognized standards of form and craftsmanship.
What is classicism?
Who is Darius?
The Greek word for "honor," which meant a Greek's reputation and status in their community. (hint: nothing to do with hours and minutes)
What is timē?
The idea that a good enough public speaker could persuade anyone of anything, no matter the truth of the position. Such speakers were powerful enough to command much profit from their craft.
What is sophism?
A Greek word meaning "gathering" and later "church," this was the body of citizens who voted on issues confronting Athens, representing a true direct democracy.
What is ekklesia?
The word for someone who is a huge fan of Greek culture, literature, art, religion, theater, and architecture, but is not necessarily a Greek themselves.
What is a philhellene?
Who is Socrates?
The Greek word for insurrection and rebellion. The Greek historian Thucydides thought this was a symptom of moral decay in society.
What is stasis?
Coming from the Greek word for "child," this word referred to the ideal education of a member of the city-state.
What is paideia?
A Greek word literally meaning "mother city," this was the origin or source of many Greek colonies during the early Classical period.
What is metropolis?
The positioning of Greek statuary in asymmetric yet balanced positions with weight distributed on one foot with nonparallel shoulders and hips.
What is contrapposto?
The Greek philosopher who hypothesized that all matter could be reduced to tiny, fundamental, indivisible particles called "atoms."
Who was Heraclitus?
A Greek word meaning "successors," this term referred specifically to Alexander's generals, who split up his empire upon his sudden death.
What are the Diadochoi?
Literally "imitation" in Greek, this method of copying the style and structure of Great speeches from the past was championed by Isocrates as a way not only to develop sound rhetorical skill but also develop high moral character.
What is mimēsis?
What is ostracism?
Including The Odyssey, these stories continued the tale of the Trojan War, telling what happened to the participants as they returned or attempted to return home.
What are the nostoi?