Deviance
Any thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that violate the norms that apply in a given situation.
What is deviance?
A positive attitude held by one person toward another person.
What is interpersonal attraction?
The systematic study of how individuals interact in groups, including how leaders emerge and how status hierarchies shape individuals' behavior within groups.
What is group processes?
A designated location in a social system.
What is a social position?
Behaviors that are beneficial to others and have positive consequences.
What are prosocial behaviors?
A sense of "normlessness," where there is little consensus about what is right and wrong, especially during times of great change.
What is anomie?
The individuals we come into contact with who make up our field of potential friends and lovers.
What are availables?
When perceived rewards are proportional to perceived costs.
What is equity?
The ordered and persistent relationships among social positions within a social system.
What is social structure?
Doing something to benefit others without the expectation of any rewards.
What is altruism?
Nick and his friends decide to steal from the local convenience store. Nick is caught by the police and is sentenced to probation and must report to a social worker. Nick begins to view himself as a delinquent and, as a result, commits more crimes. According to labeling theory, the initial act of stealing from the local convenience store is referred to as:
What is primary deviance?
Two factors that establish our "field of availables."
What are (1) institutional structures and (2) personal characteristics?
_____ influence ideas about general competence, and ____ influence ideas about task competence.
What are (1) diffuse status characteristics and (2) specific status characteristics?
Stressors that women tend to be more emotionally affected by.
What are network events?
_____ is the finding that as more people are available to help, the less often and less quickly people help, primarily due to _____.
What is (1) bystander effect and (2) diffusion of responsibility?
Deviance occurs naturally as a result of social conditions in which socially acceptable goals cannot be obtained through legitimate means.
What is anomie theory of deviance?
Two key determinants of liking.
What is (1) attitudinal similarity and (2) shared activities?
_____ is the "socially just" allocation of rewards, and _____ is the "socially just" process to allocate rewards.
What is (1) distributive justice and (2) procedural justice?
A phrase describing the finding that Black Americans tend to have better or equal mental health outcomes compared to White Americans, despite Black Americans' being exposed to more stressors and having worse physical health outcomes.
What is the "Black-White mental health paradox"?
Three primary motivations for engaging in prosocial behavior.
What is (1) egoism, (2) altruism, and (3) evolution?
The two stigma management strategies.
What are (1) passing and (2) covering?
Two primary reasons for breaking up.
What are (1) unequal outcomes and (2) unequal commitment?
The four attributes of a group.
What are: (1) membership, (2) interaction among members, (3) shared goals, and (4) shared norms?
A phrase describing the tendency for Black Americans, and other racial-ethnic minorities, to receive fewer health returns to socioeconomic status compared to White Americans.
What is the "diminishing returns of SES"?
Normative factors in helping and prosocial behavior.
What is the (1) social responsibility norm, (2) norm of reciprocity, and (3) personal norms.