Soil Horizon
This top layer of soil is made mostly of decomposing leaves and organic matter.
What is the O Horizon?
This term describes the proportion of sand, silt, and clay in soil.
What is texture?
This fertile black soil found in the Danube Plain is ideal for crops.
What is Chernozem?
Without soil, this basic human necessity could not be produced.
What is food?
Cutting down trees causes this type of soil loss.
What is erosion?
This dark, nutrient-rich layer is where most plant roots grow.
What is the A Horizon (topsoil)?
This soil type drains water quickly and feels gritty to the touch.
What is sandy soil?
This soil type forms in Bulgaria’s mountain areas and supports meadows.
What is mountain meadow soil?
This natural process cleans water as it passes through soil layers.
Overusing fertilizers can lead to this kind of pollution.
What is chemical pollution?
This horizon collects clay and minerals washed down from above.
What is the B Horizon (subsoil)?
This property measures how acidic or basic the soil is.
What is pH?
This type of soil develops along river valleys from deposited sediments.
What is alluvial soil?
Soil stores this element, helping reduce greenhouse gases.
What is carbon?
Rising temperatures and droughts result from this global issue.
What is climate change?
This layer forms directly from weathered parent rock material.
What is the C Horizon?
Farmers add compost or manure to increase this property of soil.
What is fertility?
This reddish-brown soil in southern Bulgaria is good for Mediterranean plants.
What is cinnamon forest soil?
This natural disaster can be reduced when soil absorbs excess rainwater.
What is floods?
This human activity covers fertile soil with concrete and buildings.
What is urbanization?
Starting from the surface, these five horizons appear in order.
What are O, A, B, C, and R?
This perfect soil mixture is best for farming because it balances drainage and nutrients.
What is loam?
This factor, not the soil type itself, is the main reason Bulgaria has such a wide variety of soils across its territory.
What is the country’s diverse climate and geography?
Soil provides this foundation for buildings, roads, and cities.
What is support or structure?
Planting trees and rotating crops are examples of this soil-saving practice.
What is conservation?