SOIL EROSION
Soil erosion is the movement of soil particles by these 3 factors.
What is water, wind, or tillage?
Most toxic chemicals in soil come from these 2 sources.
What is industrial waste and pesticide use?
Farmers must practice organic farming for this long before applying for organic certification.
These 2 common practices help reduce the amount of waste that reaches landfills.
What is recycling and composting?
What is sand, silt, and clay?
This type of erosion occurs naturally and can be described as a natural leveling process.
What is geological erosion?
When pesticides are applied to a field, only this % actually reaches the targeted pest.
What is 1%?
This is the biggest challenge farmers face when transitioning from conventional to organic farming.
What is pest control?
This is about how long it takes for a landfill to reach capacity.
What is 30 - 40 years?
These soil colors indicate good airflow.
What is red / yellow / orange?
This is the minimum wind speed required to move soil.
What is 10 mph?
When pesticies are applied to a field, this % reaches the soil.
What is 30%?
This is how weeds are managed in certified organic farming.
What is mulch and cover crops?
This type of landfill relies on soil to filter water that infiltrates it.
What are natural attenuation or unsecured landfills?
These soil colors indicate poor airflow.
What is grey / blue?
This is 1 sure way to reduce wind and water erosion in soils.
What is vegetation?
This is how pesticides impact earthworms.
What is abnormal burrowing behavior?
Certified organic livestock must always have access to _______________________.
What is the outdoors and a grazing pasture?
This type of landfill does not rely on the soil to filter water, but instead uses a system of pipes and pumps to remove water.
What are contained / secured landfills?
This is how soil microbes influence nutrient availability in soils.
What is eating OM and pooping it out?
This is how colonization accelerated soil erosion in the U.S.
What is clear cutting forests for farmland and introducing plows / tillage?
These are 2 examples of plants that do not take up contaminants, but their roots excrete compounds that stimulate beneficial bacteria growth.
What are prairie grasses, wildflowers, poplar trees?
This "pesticide" is commonly used in organic farming because it influences insect mating behavior, rather than killing insects.
What are pheromones?
This is 1 environmental concern associated with landfills.
What is water pollution,
unstable land due to "settling" of compostable materials,
or contribution to greenhouse gases?
These are the 6 roles of soil.
What is
1. Support plant growth
2. Regulate water supplies
3. Modify the atmosphere
4. Recycle waste/OM
5. Habitat for organisms
6. Engineering medium