Astronomy
What two elements make up most of the universe?
Hydrogen and Helium
This weather tool is used to measure temperature.
What is a thermometer?
You found a fossil in your backyard. What type of rock was it in?
sedimentary
This type of plate boundary forms when two plates move away from each other, creating new crust.
What is a divergent boundary?
During a drought wells can dry up because what has lowered?
the water table
This type of ocean current is driven mainly by wind and occurs at the surface of the ocean.
What is a surface current?
What is the density of a mineral with a mass of 4 g and a volume of 20 ml. (Include the unit)
.2 g/ml
When we look at other galaxies their spectra lines are shifted toward the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. What does this tell us about the direction that the galaxies are moving?
They're moving away from us
This type of front forms when a cold air mass moves in and pushes a warm air mass upward quickly, often causing storms.
What is a cold front?
What does crystal size help us determine about an igneous rock?
speed of cooling
This type of plate is thinner and more dense, and is usually found under the oceans.
What is an oceanic plate?
What is the difference between weathering, erosion, and deposition?
create sediment, move sediment, settle sediment
This warm ocean current flows from the Gulf of Mexico along the east coast of the United States and influences climate.
What is the Gulf Stream?
This type of dating determines whether one rock layer is older or younger than another.
What is relative dating?
This property of a star is determined by its color and surface temperature, and is used to classify stars on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram.
What is luminosity?
(Will accept temperature/color together)
A scientist needs to measure wind speed during a storm. Which weather instrument would they use?
What is an anemometer?
This property of a mineral describes how it breaks along flat, smooth surfaces.
What is cleavage?
This landform forms at a convergent boundary where one oceanic plate is forced beneath another plate.
What is a trench?
Water that fills the spaces between soil and rock underground is called this.
What is groundwater?
Which will most likely have higher salinity: ocean water near the equator with high evaporation, or near the poles with melting ice?
What is near the equator (high evaporation increases salinity)?
The Moon appears half illuminated, and it is moving from a new moon toward a full moon. What phase is this?
What is first quarter?
What is every stage of life our sun has and will go through
nebula, protostar, main sequence red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf
A warm air mass meets a cold air mass, but neither one moves. What type of front forms, and what weather is most likely?
What is a stationary front and cloudy, possibly rainy weather?
This term describes a metamorphic rock that has minerals aligned in parallel layers due to pressure.
What is foliated?
Tectonic plates move because of convection currents in this layer of Earth, which is soft and able to flow.
What is the asthenosphere?
A topographic map shows contour lines forming closed circles that increase in elevation toward the center. What landform is shown?
What is a hill (or mountain)?
Wind pushes surface water away from a coastline, causing cold, nutrient-rich water to rise from below. What process is this?
What is upwelling?
25% of a rock's original C-14 mass is left, and 1 half life of C-14 = 5000 years. How old is the rock?
10,000 years old (2 half lives)
What must be true about the positions of the Sun, Moon, and Earth for a solar eclipse to occur?
What is the Moon must be between the Sun and Earth (aligned in a straight line)?
A city replaces forests with buildings and pavement. How does this most likely affect local temperatures and weather?
What is the temperature increase (urban heat island effect)?
Two minerals look identical in color, but one leaves a red-brown streak and the other leaves no streak. Which test helps you correctly identify them?
What is the streak test?
At a convergent boundary where subduction occurs, rocks are exposed to intense heat and pressure without melting. What would these rocks most likely look like?
What are foliated/metamorphic rocks with layered or banded textures?
A region has many sinkholes, disappearing streams, and underground caves. What type of rock is most likely found there, and why?
What is limestone, because it is easily dissolved by acidic water?
During an El Niño event, warm water moves east across the Pacific Ocean. How does this most likely affect weather patterns in some regions?
What is increased rainfall/flooding in some areas and drought in others?
Will accept: Disruption of normal weather patterns
The Moon is at first quarter phase. Predict the type of tide and explain why the tidal range is smaller.
What is a neap tide, because the Sun and Moon are at right angles and their gravitational forces partially cancel?