Force, Motion, Energy, and Matter
What are the three types of heat transfer?
conduction, convection, radiation
What is the basic unit of life?
cell
What causes day and night on Earth?
Earth's rotation
What is a hypothesis?
educated guess
What are the three main types of elements?
Metals, nonmetals, metalloids
What do we call the process of water changing from liquid to gas?
What organelle is responsible for making energy in a cell?
mitochondria
What causes the seasons?
What tool is used to measure temperature?
thermometer
What does the atomic number tell you?
Number of protons, number of electrons
Which law explains why a rocket launches upward?
Newton's 3rd law of motion
What process do plants use to make their own food and in what organelle?
photosynthesis, in the chloroplast
What causes the phases of the Moon?
Positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon
What does it mean to control a variable in an experiment?
To keep it the same to ensure valid results
What is a chemical symbol?
1 or 2 letters that represents the element in a formula
What are the subatomic particles found in an atom?
protons, neutrons, electrons
What are producers, consumers, and decomposers?
producers - make their own food/energy
consumers - eat others for food/energy
decomposers - recycle dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil
What is Earth’s atmosphere made of?
78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.1% other gases
Why is it important to repeat experiments?
To ensure results are valid and provide more evidence for your conclusions
What does a group on the periodic table represent?
Elements with similar properties; also elements with the same number of valence electrons
What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?
How does a food web show energy flow?
uses arrows to show where the energy goes/who eats who
What is the greenhouse effect?
When gases the Earth's atmosphere trap heat around our planet
What is the purpose of a model in science?
To help visualize/understand things that are not easily seen
How do you use a chemical equation to show conservation of matter?
Show the different elements in the reaction as well as how many - have the same amounts in reactants and products