The Big Bang
What does “Kosmos” mean in Greek?
Kosmos is a Greek word that means “the organization of everything.”
The Universe began as a tiny bubble called a _____________
singularity
Define equinox
days of equal amounts of light and darkness
The light we see is really made up of ____________________?
all the colors in the rainbow. It is called a spectrum
What are the two major effects of the Earth’s tilt?
The tilt has two major effects: the angle of the Sun’s rays change (oblique or perpendicular) and length of the days change as well.
What is cosmology?
The study of how the universe began and its development.
When the universe expanded it released ___________ and ________________.
heat and energy
Define solstice
solstice – the longest and shortest days of the year
Name 3 things scientists can find out by studying a star’s light.
They can find out the temperature of an object in space, learn which direction it is traveling, (redshift or blue shift) find out how fast it is going, figure out its weight and even find out what it is made of!
What two things happen when the North Pole is angled toward the sun?
Summer and longer days
When did the BB occur? How old is the universe?
About 14 billion years ago.
What 3 things are the evidence for the BB?
Redshift of Galaxies
The Big Bang theory explains where all the elements such as hydrogen and helium came from.
"cosmic microwave background radiation.”
What is December 21st?
The winter solstice
Which direction is the Earth's axis pointed toward ?
North
What does “helios” mean in Greek?
sun
What is redshift?
When an object moves away from Earth, the color of its light looks more red. The more redshift there is, the faster the object is moving away. By measuring the redshift, scientists proved that the universe is expanding.
What instrument do scientists use to measure redshift and the light from stars?
Scientist measure light with a spectroscope.
Where on Earth do the sun’s rays ALMOST ALWAYS hit directly year round?
the equator
The equator always receives about ________ hours of day and night.
12
What is the reason for the seasons?
1. The tilt of the Earth's axis
2. Earth's orbit around the sun
What is cosmic background radiation?
These microwaves are a form of light that humans cannot see. They are now very weak and cold, but a long time ago they were very strong and very hot. Scientists believe that the microwaves found in space are light waves left over from the Big Bang.
What astronomer realized the galaxies are moving away from Earth?
Edward Hubble
Why do the North and South Poles remain cool?
1. They receive indirect, oblique rays which also have to travel through the atmosphere and dust particles.
1. What is perihelion?
2. What is aphelion?
The place where the planet is closest to the Sun is called perihelion.
When the planet is furthest away from the Sun, it is at aphelion.
Perpendicular rays are more _________________.
Oblique rays are ____________________.
direct and indirect