Changes of State
What is it called when a solid turns into a liquid?
Melting
What is the term for the amount of space a gas occupies?
Volume
What state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?
Liquid
According to Boyle's Law, what happens to the volume of a gas when pressure increases?
The volume decreases.
How do particles in a solid move?
They vibrate in place.
What instrument is used to measure temperature?
Thermometer
What is the process called when a liquid turns into a gas?
Vaporization
What property measures a liquid's thickness?
Viscosity
Which state of matter is not fluid?
Solid
What happens to gas particles when they are heated?
They move faster and spread apart.
What is the movement of particles in a liquid?
They slide past each other.
What happens to thermal energy when a substance melts?
It increases.
What is the term for when a gas turns back into a liquid?
Condensation
What is the property that shows how tightly packed molecules are?
Density
What are the characteristic of solids? (2 parts)
They have a definite shape and definite volume.
What do we call the force exerted by gas particles colliding with the walls of their container?
Pressure
How do gas particles behave compared to solids and liquids?
They move freely and quickly.
What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?
100 degrees Celsius
What do we call the change from solid directly to gas?
Sublimation
What is the property called that allows some insects to walk on water?
Surface tension
Which state of matter has the same volume as it's container?
Gas
What happens to the pressure of a gas if its temperature is decreased?
The pressure decreases.
What is the term for the state of matter where particles are so energized that they break free from each other?
Gas
How does temperature affect the speed of particle movement?
Higher temperature increases the speed of particles.
What is the freezing point of water in degrees Celsius?
0 degrees Celsius
What is the term for the ability of a substance to be reduced in volume under pressure?
Compressibility
What type of solid has particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern?
Amorphous solid
What is the relationship described by Charles's Law?
The direct relationship between temperature and volume of a gas.
Describe the particle arrangement in a solid.
Tightly packed and fixed in position.
What is thermal energy?
The total energy of all particles in a substance.