States of Matter Basics
This state has a definite shape and volume.
Solid
Energy of motion/movement is called this.
Kinetic Energy
Solid → Liquid
Melting
Groups of atoms held together by chemical bonds.
Molecules.
This scientist created the Solid Sphere Model.
John Dalton
This state takes the shape of its container.
Liquid
When heat is added, particles do this.
Move faster and spread apart.
A puddle of water disappears on a hot day.
Evaporation
A water molecule is made of these atoms.
2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen.
This scientist proposed the Plum Pudding Model
J.J. Thomson
This state has no definite shape OR volume.
Gas
When heat is removed, particles do this.
Slow down and move closer.
Gas → Liquid.
Condensation
Example of a molecule made of 1 carbon and 2 oxygen atoms.
COâ‚‚
This scientist proposed electrons orbit at specific distances like planets.
Niels Bohr
The three most common states of matter.
Solid, Liquid, Gas
This type of energy controls particle movement.
Thermal Energy
Snow forms in clouds when water vapor turns directly into ice crystals.
Deposition
The arrangement of parts that form something is called this.
Structure
This scientist discovered the nucleus
Ernest Rutherford
In this state, particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place.
Which state has the fastest particles?
Gas
Dry ice disappears into the air without turning into a liquid.
Sublimation
A scientist observes a substance whose particles move freely, spread far apart, and collide with each other rapidly. What is the state of matter?
It is a gas, and the particles have high kinetic and thermal energy.
This Greek philosopher proposed that matter is made of tiny particles called atoms
Democritus