Vocabulary
solute
substance or substances dissolved in a solution
lower temperature
What is i for MgCl2 , NaOH, and Mg(OH)2?
3, 2, 3
A solution is made by dissolving 15.0 g of AgNO3 in enough water to make 125.0 mL of solution. What is the concentration in moles/liter?
0.706 M
saturated solution
a solution in which the maximum amount of solute is dissolved
The solubility of a gas in a given solution is decreasing. If temperature is constant, what is happening to pressure?
It is decreasing
What is the freezing point of a solution made by mixing 150.0 g of KCl with 550.0 grams of water? (Kf is 1.86 °C/m for water.)
-13.6 °C
You want to make 500.0 mL of a 3.0 M solution of KCl. How many grams of KCl will you need?
110 g
concentration
amount of substance in a defined volume
In water, which part of the molecule is + and which part is -?
Oxygen part is negative and hydrogen part is +
What is the boiling point of a solution made by mixing 150.0 g of KCl with 550.0 grams of water? (Kb is 0.512 °C/m for water.)
103.75 °C
A chemist wants to make Bi2S3 according to the following reaction:
2Bi(NO3)3 (aq) + 3K2S (aq) → Bi2S3 (s) + 6KNO3 (aq)
If the student uses 67.1 mL of a 2.9 M solution of K2S and an excess of Bi(NO3)3, how many grams of Bi2S3 will be formed?
32 g
molarity formula and symbol
M, moles solute/liters solution
A chemist makes a 1.76 m solution by mixing Na2S with 150.0 g of water. How many grams of Na2S were used?
20.6 g of Na2S used
Solutions are made from water and the following solutes: NaCl, SrCl2, Ba(NO3)2, (NH4)3P, C2H6O, and Na2SO4. If the molalities of the solutions are all the same, which will have the lowest freezing point?
The (NH4)3P solution will have the lowest freezing point
A chemist wants to make 50.0 grams of hydrogen gas using the following reaction:
Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
If she has an excess of Mg, what volume of a 4.12 M solution of HCl will she need to use?
12.0 liters
m, moles solute to kg solvent
Barium sulfate is insoluble in water. If a solution of barium nitrate and water is mixed with a solution of sodium sulfate and water, what reaction will occur?
Ba(NO3)2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → BaSO4 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)
The boiling point of ethanol is 78.37 °C. If the boiling point of a solution of water and ethanol is 80.56 °C, what is the molality of the solution? (Kb for ethanol is 1.07 °C/m)
2.05 m
You make a solution by mixing 40.3 grams of MgCl2 with 750.0 grams of water. What is the molality of the solution?
0.564 m