Somatic Symptom Disorders
Define Somatic Symptom Disorder.
Somatic Symptom Disorder is characterized by the presence of one or more physical symptoms that cause significant distress or impairment, but the symptoms cannot be fully explained by a medical condition.
What is Anorexia Nervosa characterized by?
Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by restricted food intake leading to significantly low body weight, an intense fear of gaining weight, and a distorted body image.
What is the duration for diagnosing Rumination Disorder?
Repeated regurgitation of food, which may be rechewed, res-wallowed, or spit out, occurring over a period of at least one month.
A patient reports severe fear of gaining weight and refuses to eat. What is the diagnosis?
The diagnosis is likely Anorexia Nervosa due to the severe fear of gaining weight and refusal to eat.
This disorder involves the presence of physical symptoms that cause significant distress or disruption to daily life, but the symptoms do not fully align with a medical condition or are excessively related to a medical condition.
What is Somatic Symptom Disorder?
What are common treatments for Somatic Symptom Disorder?
Common treatments include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), stress management techniques, and sometimes medications like antidepressants.
What are the key diagnostic criteria for Bulimia Nervosa?
Bulimia Nervosa involves binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like vomiting, excessive exercise, or fasting to prevent weight gain.
What are the essential diagnostic criteria for Bulimia Nervosa?
Bulimia Nervosa requires recurrent episodes of binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as purging, fasting, or excessive exercise.
A patient is constantly worried about their health despite no medical findings. What is the diagnosis?
The diagnosis could be Illness Anxiety Disorder due to the chronic health anxiety and lack of significant medical findings.
This disorder is characterized by preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness, despite the absence of significant medical findings or symptoms.
What is Illness Anxiety Disorder (formerly known as Hypochondriasis)
What are some risk factors for Somatic Symptom Disorder?
Risk factors for Somatic Symptom Disorder include a history of trauma, abuse, or neglect, along with familial or cultural factors that may emphasize physical symptoms as a response to emotional stress.
What is Binge Eating Disorder?
Anorexia Nervosa involves extreme weight loss, a distorted body image, and an intense fear of gaining weight, while Bulimia Nervosa involves cycles of binge eating followed by purging.
What is the difference between Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa?
The primary difference between Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa is that anorexics restrict food intake leading to low weight, while bulimics often maintain normal weight or are overweight.
A person with normal weight is obsessed with food and exercise, and has extreme weight loss. What is the diagnosis?
The diagnosis is Anorexia Nervosa due to extreme weight loss and the intense fear of gaining weight despite being underweight.
In this condition, individuals intentionally produce physical symptoms or exaggerate their symptoms for the purpose of assuming the sick role and receiving medical attention.
What is Factitious Disorder?
Explain how cultural factors can affect the diagnosis of Somatic Symptom Disorder.
Cultural differences can influence how somatic symptoms are expressed and interpreted. For example, in some cultures, emotional distress may manifest primarily as physical complaints.
What is the "binge-purge" cycle?
This is the cycle of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like vomiting, excessive exercise, or laxative use, often seen in individuals with Bulimia Nervosa.
What is the duration for a diagnosis of Pica?
the persistent eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances over a period of at least one month.
A patient experiences recurrent episodes of binge eating with no purging behavior. What is the diagnosis?
The diagnosis is Binge Eating Disorder due to recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors like purging.
How does a family-based therapy (FBT) assist in treating anorexia?
It works by engaging families in the recovery process, helping parents take an active role in re-nourishing the child with anorexia.
What are the treatment approaches for Factitious Disorder?
Factitious Disorder involves falsifying or inducing physical symptoms in oneself to assume the role of a sick person. Treatment often includes psychotherapy, focusing on underlying psychological issues, and managing any potential risks to patient safety.
How is Pica diagnosed in children?
Pica is diagnosed when a child or adult eats non-food items, such as dirt or chalk, for a duration of at least one month, and the behavior is developmentally inappropriate.
What diagnostic features differentiate Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) from Anorexia?
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) involves avoidance of food based on sensory characteristics or a fear of negative consequences (e.g., choking), while Anorexia Nervosa includes a fear of gaining weight, not just a restricted diet.
A patient exhibits recurrent vomiting after eating large amounts of food. What is the diagnosis?
The diagnosis is Bulimia Nervosa due to recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging.
The DSM-5-TR includes this related disorder, in which an individual’s physical symptoms are caused or made worse by psychological factors like stress or emotional conflict.
What is Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions?