In and Around the Nucleus
What type of cell has a nucleus?
Eukaryotic
Chloroplasts
What are the three main types of fibers?
Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubules
What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?
Smooth and Rough ER
A membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules.
Lysosome
The _____________ encloses the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm.
Nuclear Envelope
Presents a large surface area inside the mitochondria for ATP synthesis.
Cristae
Main function is guiding movement; “tracks for transport”
Microtubules
Has bound ribosomes, which secrete glycoproteins
Rough ER
What does the smooth ER synthesize?
The site of ribosomal RNA and ribosomal subunit synthesis in the nucleus.
Nucleolus
What do thylakoids stack to form?
Grana
Form a 3-D network called the cortex just inside the plasma membrane to help support the cells shape = framework.
Microfilaments
What does the rough ER distribute?
Transport vesicles
Found in many mature plant cells, hold organic compounds & water
Central vacuole
What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
Chromatin is the DNA and associated proteins spread diffuse in the nucleus while chromosomes are DNA organized into discrete units.
In the mitochondria, the inner membrane creates two compartments: intermembrane space and ____________.
Mitochondrial matrix
Support cell shape and fix organelles in place (anchors)
Intermediate filaments
Are specialized metabolic compartments bound by a membrane to rid the body of toxic substances & metabolites.
Peroxisomes
What macromolecule does the Golgi apparatus interact with?
Proteins
What macromolecule does the ribosome synthesize?
Proteins
What is the Endosymbiont theory?
Eukaryotic cells engulfed a non-photosynthetic prokaryotic cell, which formed an endosymbiont relationship with its host. The host cell and endosymbiont merged into a single organism, a eukaryotic cell with a mitochondrion. One of these cells may have taken up a photosynthetic prokaryote, becoming the ancestor of cells that contain chloroplasts.
Microtubules control the beating of _____ and ______, locomotor appendages of some cells
cilia, flagella
What are the 6 components of the endomembrane system?
1. Nuclear envelope
2. Endoplasmic reticulum
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Lysosomes
5. Vacuoles
6. Plasma membrane
Some types of cell can engulf another cell by _________; this forms a food vacuole
Phagocytosis