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Abdominal
Vasculature & Retroperitoneal
Vasculature & Retroperitoneal
Liver
Biliary, GB &
Pancreas
Pancreas
Signs
& Appearances
& Appearances
Urinary Tract
Thyroid & Neck
Mix It & Risk It
100
What is not part of the sonographer's role?
What is to diagnose?
100
This vascular condition is defined as a localized dilation of the aorta greater than 3 cm or 1.5× normal diameter.
What is abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?
100
This acute liver condition may show a “starry night” appearance.
What is acute hepatitis?
100
This lab value is elevated with biliary obstruction.
What is bilirubin?
100
What is Giraffe Sign?
100
This infection causes gas within the renal parenchyma and is life-threatening.
What is emphysematous peylonephritis?
100
Most common cause of thyroid nodules.
What is hyperplasia?
100
This condition results from decreased blood supply to bowel.
What is ischemic bowel disease?
150
This is excessive rate of cell division due to exposure to a stressor or growth factor.
What is hyperplasia?
150
When a piece of thrombus breaks off and flows down-stream.
What is an embolism?
150
Most common benign liver tumor.
What is a hemangioma?
150
This causes bile duct air and comet-tail artifact.
What is pneumobilia?
150
This sign shows lymph nodes surrounding vessels.
What is the sandwich sign?
150
This condition shows mobile echogenic debris within a dilated collecting system.
What is pyonephrosis?
150
This condition causes hyperthyroidism with exophthalmos.
What is Graves Disease?
150
Most common cause of scrotal enlargement.
What is hydrocele?
200
What type of lesions are most difficult to detect on ultrasound?
What is isoechoic?
200
This condition often results from liver cirrhosis.
What is portal hypertension?
200
Gallbladder wall thickening can be seen in this liver condition.
What is hepatitis?
200
This congenital anomaly involves failure of two buds to fuse and can appear as a uncinate mass.
What is pancreatic divisum?
200
What is Lily Pad Sign?
200
The most common location for obstructing urinary stones?
What is the UVJ?
200
Most common thyroid malignancy.
What is papillary carcinoma?
200
This condition presents with RLQ pain and non-compressible tubular structure?
What is appendicitis?
250
What flow direction is normal for the portal vein?
What is hepatopedal?
250
This Doppler finding—to-and-fro flow at the neck of a lesion—is classic for this vascular pathology.
What is a pseudoaneurysm?
250
This benign lesion contains Kupffer cells and a central scar.
What is focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)?
250
Most common cause of acute pancreatitis from biliary system.
What are Gallstones?
250
This occurs when a mass deforms its organ of origin.
What is Beak Sign?
250
This renal tumor is hyperechoic and composed of fat, vessels, and muscle and is usually asymptomatic.
What is an angiolipoma?
250
This autoimmune disease leads to hypothyroidism.
What is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?
250
This disease causes outpouchings of the bowel wall.
What is diverticulitis?
300
What provides clinical context and helps guide and refine diagnostic imaging?
What is Lab Values?
300
Most common primary retroperitoneal malignancy.
What is lymphoma?
300
When multiple collateral vessels open to bypass thrombus.
What is Cavernous Transformation?
300
This condition causes inflammation due to obstruction of bile flow.
What is cholangitis?
300
This sonographic appearance is specific to what pathology?
What is Adenomyomatosis?
300
Hydronephrosis occurs due to this fundamental problem.
What is obstruction of urine outflow?
300
This hormone regulates calcium levels.
What is Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)?
300
This prostate condition causes nocturia and weak stream.
What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia?
350
These three indicators of renal function change when kidney filtration is impaired.
What is BUN, GFR, and Creatinine?
350
This is the most common intraluminal pathology of the IVC, often originating from lower extremity veins.
What is IVC thrombus?
350
This malignant pediatric tumor is associated with elevated AFP.
What is hepatoblastoma?
350
This structure dilates when there is downstream obstruction.
What is the common bile duct?
350
This causes vein enlargement, luminal stenosis or occlusion and can be anechoic, echogenic, or calcified depending on it's age.
What is Intraluminal Thrombus?
350
This condition causes increased echogenic pyramids with possible microcalcifications.
What is medullary nephrocalcinosis?
350
This benign thyroid tumor often has a peripheral halo.
What is a follicular adenoma?
350
This fungal infection shows “wheel within a wheel” lesions.
What is candidiasis?
400
This primary spleen malignancy causes anemia, elevated WBC, excessive bruising, recurrent infections, and pallor
What is Leukemia?
400
A systematic disease that causes stenosis and occlusions in any artery in the body.
What is Atherosclerosis?
400
This portal vein measurement exceeds normal limits and is one of the primary sonographic criteria for portal hypertension.
What is 13mm (1.3cm)?
400
This RUQ fluid collection results from bile leakage.
What is a Biloma?
400
This is characterized by obstruction of the hepatic venous vasculature.
What is Budd Chiari Syndrome?
400
This malignant tumor is often associated with pathology of the renal vein and IVC.
What is Renal Cell Carcinoma?
400
This is the second most common thyroid cancer and is sonographically indistinguishable from adenomas.
What is Follicular Carcinoma?
400
What cell is present with Hodgkin's Lymphoma?
What is Reed-Sternberg cells?
500
An elderly patient presents with painless jaundice, weight loss, and a palpable gallbladder.
What is pancreatic adenocarcinoma?
500
What waveform characteristic is this and what pathology does it prove?
What is to-and-fro and pseudoaneurysm?
500
The parasitic infection that causes abscess via portal venous spread from colon, is treated with what antiparastics?
What is metronidazole?
500
Most common complication of pancreatitis.
What is pseudocyst?
500
This vascular sign is specific to Focal Nodular Hyperplasia.
What is spoke-wheel pattern?
500
This immune-mediated disease causes hematuria, proteinuria, and decreased GFR.
What is acute glomerulonephritis?
500
What pathology is locally invasive, rapidly grows and has a fatal prognosis?
What is Anaplastic Carcinoma?
500
Who is the most important person in the room during an ultrasound examination?
What is the Sonographer!