1: Insurance Plans (MCOs and more!)
This insurance is managed by the U.S. federal government (NOT individual states too) and it serves the elderly (over 65), the disabled, and people with end-stage renal disease.
What is Medicare?
This country has privatized the health care system, consumers have copayments, and it is financed through many payers (taxes, premiums).
What is the United States?
These are factors that influence an individual's health and well-being.
What are determinants of health?
This field focuses on improving health at the population level rather than the individual level.
What is public health?
This type of health exists when a person is free of symptoms and doesn't need treatments.
What is optimal health?
What is Medicaid?
In this country, health care is financed by the government through taxes but delivered by private providers, and each province manages its own system.
What is Canada?
This is a key determinant of health because genetics influence the development and severity of diseases and health outcomes.
What is Heredity?
Examples of this include electronic health records and value-based care, which aim to improve patient outcomes, reduce costs, and enhance coordination among providers.
What are health care interventions?
This U.S. health reform law made in 2010 aimed to expand insurance coverage, reduce health care costs, and improve the quality of care (however, it didn't achieve universal coverage).
What is the Affordable Care Act?
This insurance program, created in the 1990's, helps children in families who earn too much for Medicaid, but can't afford private insurance.
What is CHIP (Children's Health Insurance Program)?
In this country, health care is delivered by private providers but financed through mandatory employer and employee contributions to nonprofit sickness funds.
What is Germany?
This determinant of health includes diet, exercise, risky behaviors, and other choices that contributes to health outcomes.
What is behavior and lifestyle?
These interventions aim to reduce health disparities by addressing issues like lack of resources at the local level, often through partnerships that reflect community priorities.
What are community-based interventions?
MCOs pay providers through a "per head" arrangement.
What is capitation?
This military insurance program is financed by the department of dense and covers active duty service members, their families/dependents, and allows access to both military and private facilities.
What is TriCare?
This country’s National Health Service is gov. run, with publicly funded insurance and most providers are employed or managed by the government.
What is the United Kingdom?
These factors include air pollution, income level, education, early childhood development, etc. They all significantly influence health outcomes.
What are environmental factors?
This type of intervention includes laws like the Occupational Safety and Health Act and the Affordable Care Act, designed to protect public health and improve access to care.
What is Policy Intervention?
These community based health providers, supported by the Bureau of Primary Health Care, deliver primary and preventive care to underserved populations regardless of their ability to pay
What are Federally Qualified Health Centers?
These two types of MCO's/private insurance plans are different in how flexible they are. One requires referrals and doesn't cover out of network care while the other has a higher premium but covers out of network care at a higher cost than in network care.
What is HMO and PPO?
This country was praised early in the pandemic for rapid testing/containment and even made one of the first tests used worldwide to detect Covid. However, they later faced a severe second wave after easing restrictions for the winter holidays.
What was Germany's Covid response?
This determinant plays an important role by providing preventive and treatment services and a lot of people don't have access to it (although it can't ensure optimal health).
What is medical care access?
Adopted in 2016, these 17 goals focus on improving social, economic, and environmental determinants of health worldwide with Goal 3 aiming to ensure healthy lives and promote well being at all ages.
What are the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals?
This coordinated network of health care providers and organizations are responsible for delivering services and improving outcomes for a specific population, often through partnerships among hospitals, physicians, and insurers.
What is an Integrated Delivery System (IDS)?