Kings and Queens
This French king, known as the "Sun King," believed he was God's representative on Earth. He built the palace Versailles and was known for his extravagant (fancy) lifestyle.
Louis XIV
These Spanish adventurers conquered the native people of South America (Mayans, Aztecs, and Incans) during their search for gold.
Conquistadores
This group of people believed that the Church of England needed of be "purified." The King did not like this, so he made them pay high taxes and refused to let them use church buildings. They later fled England and formed a colony in Massachusetts.
Puritans
Northwest Passage
This man was behind the "Gunpowder Plot" to blow up the English Parliament on November 5th.
Guy Fawkes
This English king, who believed that God gave him the power to rule and refused to listen his subjects, made the people so angry that they tried to blow up Parliament! He is famous for his translation of the Bible.
King James
The city of New Amsterdam was established by the _________, and was later captured by the ________ and renamed New York.
Dutch, English
What caused the spread of slavery in the American colonies?
The growth of tobacco farms
The city of _______, Canada was founded by French explorer Samuel Champlain, who befriended the native people and convinced colonists to move to "New France."
Quebec
The Puritan colonists in Plymouth, Massachusetts were also known as the ________.
Pilgrims
After the Protestant lords of Scotland forced her to give up her throne, ___________ fled to England, where she was imprisoned and put to death by her sister, Queen Elizabeth I.
Mary Queen of Scots
This war began when the king of Germany, Ferdinand II, tried to force his princes to follow his Catholic religion. The Protestant princes wanted to make their own decisions. After many "years", they signed a peace treaty and everyone was allowed to choose for themselves.
Thirty Years' War
This agreement between the colonists at Plymouth said that all colonists had to agree to pass a law, and all colonists had to obey the laws.
Mayflower Compact
The first permanent English settlement in North America was called ____________, after their king.
Jamestown
_________________ saved the Jamestown colony by making friends with ____________, the chief of the local Native American tribe. The chief's daughter Pocahontas later married a colonist named John Rolfe.
John Smith, Powhatan
After inheriting the thrones of Spain, Germany, and the Netherlands, this king forced the pope to crown him "Holy Roman Emperor."
Charles V
This West African queen is known for fighting Portuguese slave traders who kept trying to conquer her country.
Nzinga
The first Thanksgiving was celebrated between the ________ and the _______________ tribe.
This Quaker man helped to colonize Pennsylvania and establish its capital, Philadelphia, as "the city of brotherly love." His ideas about how to balance power in the government were later used by the framers of the U.S. Constitution.
William Penn
The English built a new city (Calcutta) in the country of ______, where the ruler ignoring his empire and instead trying to capture land from his enemies.
India
King Frederick I became the first king of _______ after he started to unify the two lands of his kingdom (one ruled by him, and one that really belonged to the Holy Roman Empire). This kingdom later became the country of Germany.
Prussia
After lots of fighting and conquering, these two nations were the largest in the Middle East during this time period.
Persians, Ottoman Turks
Name two reasons that the relationships between the colonists and the Native Americans began to sour.
Colonies spread into native lands, colonists spread new diseases
The people in the eastern country of _______ were not allowed to travel, and foreigners were not allowed in. As a result, foreign ideas and religions were excluded and the Buddhist faith flourished.
Japan
The English King Charles fired his Parliament and caused a civil war between his people. He was defeated by Puritan leader ________________, who became "Lord Protector" of England and acted an awful lot like a king.
Oliver Cromwell