SOUND
What is sound?
a disturbance that travels through a medium in longitudinal waves
Loudness is the energy of sound. What determines how loud a sound is?
The more energy the louder the sound is
What is an electromagnetic wave?
Transverse waves that ___________________________________.
transfer electrical and magnetic energy
What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
The complete range of electromagnetic waves placed in order of increasing frequency. Made of radio waves, infared rays, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
What two colors make up visible light waves?
Red (Long wavelength) and Violet (Short wavelength)
What happens to a wavelength as you move from left to right across the spectrum?
It decreases
What happens to an opaque material when light strikes it?
Examples
The light does not pass through
wood
stone
metal
How does the speed of sound differ between solids, liquids, and gases
Sound travels fastest in solids, slower in liquids, and slowest in gas
How is the loudness of a sound measured?
by units called decibels using a logarithmic scale that compares sound intensity to a reference level
Do electromagnetic waves need a medium to travel through?
No
Radio waves have the longest wavelength and the lowest ___________.
Frequency
AM/FM radio or TV
Can ultraviolet waves kill living cells?
Yes
example - ultraviolet lamp
What happens to frequency as you move from left to right acoss the spectrum?
It increases
What color would a green leaf look in red light? Why?
Black because chlorophyll absorbs red light and since no other colors are reflected the leaf appears dark
How does elasticity affect the speed of sound?
The more elastic the medium the faster the sound travels
What is the pitch of a sound?
how high or low the tone of a sound is
What is electromagnetic radiation?
Energy that is transferred through space by electromagnetic waves
Microwaves have slightly smaller wavelengths and slightly ________ frequencies.
Give an example of:
higher
radar detector, cell phone, GPS
Waves with wavelengths shorter and frequencies higher and carry more energy and penetrate through most things.
X Rays
What three things can happen to light when it strikes an object?
reflected
transmitted
absorbed
What are the primary colors of light (3)?
What color do they produce when combined
Red, Green, blue
white
How does density affect sound?
Sound travels slower through materials that are tightly packed together (dense)
How is the pitch of a sound related to its frequency?
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency of a sound wave. The higher the frequency the higher the pitch
At what speed do all EM waves travel at?
The speed of light
Infared waves can be seen but not felt (true or false)
Give an example of
False - can't be seen and can be felt
Night vision goggles
This ray has the shortest wavelength and highest frequency. Examples are the sun, lightning, cancer treatments
Gamma
What happens to a transparent material when light strikes it?
Examples when this can happen
Light will pass through it
glass, air, water
What are the secondary colors of light?
cyan, magenta, yellow
How does temperature affect the speed of sound?
Sound travels slower in colder climates
Describe the doppler effect and give an example.
The change of the frequency of a sound as its source moves in relation to an observer.
example: Fire engine - higher frequency the closer it gets to the observer and the lower it gets the farther it travels away fromt he observer
How does the speed of EM waves compare to the speed of sound?
A million times faster than sound
Visible light waves can be seen (True or false)
Give an example of
True
Sun light
What happens to energy as you move from left to right across the spectrum.
Hint - Something increases
The energy of the electromagnetic waves increases
What happens to a translucent material when light passes through it?
Examples
Some light passes through
wax paper
frosted glass
tinted car windows
What are pigments?
What are the primary colors of pigment ?
When combined, what color do they produce?
Colored substances that are used to color materials
cyan, magenta, yellow
black