Early Legal Systems
The first moral code of law
Israelite Law (Torah)
Serious crimes, such as murder or rape, that are punishable by more than one year in prison
felonies
Any act that harms a person or society and breaks a criminal law
a crime
This type of law includes rules that must be followed when buying land or a building
property law
Procedures the government must follow to enforce the law and carry out its decisions
due process
A written code of 282 laws with severe penalties for crimes committed
Code of Hammurabi
Minor crimes for which a person can be fined a sum of money or jailed for up to 1 year
misdemeanors
A type of law that governs everyday relations among citizens
civil law
Laws passed by Congress that are already "on the books"
statutory law
An earlier ruling in a similar case
a precedent
Written by states to determine their form and structure of government
constitutions
The 2 types of torts are intentional torts and this
negligence
This type of law deals with people who have been accused of acts that harm society
criminal law
Rules that apply to birth/death, marriage/divorce, etc.
family law
First known system of written law
Code of Hammurabi
This was the most important influence on the American legal system
English Common Law
This type of law consists of the Constitution itself and those federal laws that it protects
constitutional law
Involves agreements between 2 parties to exchange something of value
contract law
A document that lists the state's criminal laws and the punishments to be given
a penal code
A law written by a legislative branch of government
a statute
He simplified Roman law by putting it into an organized body of rules
Justinian I
A type of law based on prior court decisions
common law
Failure to exercise reasonable caution to avoid injury or property damage
negligence
These are rules made by an executive agency that have the force of law
regulations
Court cases that involve injury or damage
torts