Ancient South Asia
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were major cities of this ancient civilization.
What is the Indus Valley civilization?
Siddhartha Gautama became known as the Buddha and founded this religion.
What is Buddhism?
Shah Jahan built this famous monument in memory of his wife.
What is the Taj Mahal?
Moving from villages to cities contributes to this process.
What is urbanization?
This environmental problem occurs when forests are cut down.
What is deforestation?
Mohenjo-Daro’s streets followed this organized pattern.
What is a grid pattern?
In Hinduism, this is the ultimate spiritual reality that connects all existence.
What is Brahman?
This empire is remembered for advances in mathematics, medicine, and the arts.
What is the Gupta Empire?
This nickname refers to India’s Hindi-language film industry.
What is Bollywood?
A family makes jewelry at home and sells it. This business is an example of this type of industry.
What is a cottage industry?
These people entered India around 1500 B.C. and composed the Vedas.
Who were the Aryans?
This teaching, especially important in Jainism, means avoiding harm to living things.
What is ahimsa?
After converting to Buddhism, this Mauryan ruler promoted nonviolence.
Who was Ashoka?
Name two examples from the slides that show the importance of family in South Asia.
What are several generations living together and families helping arrange marriages? (Practices vary among families.)
A U.S. company hires a company in India to provide customer support. This practice is called this.
What is outsourcing?
These social classes in Aryan society helped lay the foundation for the caste system.
What are varnas?
These two Buddhist teachings explain suffering and guide people toward overcoming it.
What are the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path?
Gandhi encouraged Indians to refuse to buy British goods. This form of protest is called this.
What is a boycott?
Give two examples that help explain why South Asia is described as a cultural “melting pot.”
Examples include its many languages, such as Hindi and Bengali, and its many religions, such as Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism.
Name two farming improvements associated with the Green Revolution and explain their main purpose.
What are improved irrigation, fertilizers, and higher-yield crops? Their purpose was to grow more food. (Accept any two improvements.)
Name two features of Indus Valley cities, besides their streets, that show careful planning.
What are wells, bathrooms, drainage systems, or carefully constructed brick homes? (Accept any two.)
Match these Hindu concepts to their meanings: duty, the consequences of actions, and rebirth.
What are dharma, karma, and reincarnation, respectively?
Explain how religious tensions helped shape the division of the subcontinent in 1947.
India and Pakistan became independent countries. India had a mainly Hindu population, while Pakistan had a mainly Muslim population.
Explain why some people settle near fertile farmland while others move to cities.
Fertile farmland supports growing food and agricultural work. Cities attract people seeking jobs and other opportunities.
Identify two challenges caused by rapid population growth and explain how each affects people.
Accept two explained examples: greater demand for food, shortages of housing or jobs, increased need for clean water and services, or increased pollution when infrastructure cannot keep up.