1200-1450
Compare Buddhism to Hinduism. Name one similarity and one difference between the two.
What is "Both religions began in India and believed in reincarnation and karma. Hinduism has many gods and accepts the caste system, while Buddhism does not."
name the technological innovation that allowed the Mughal Empire to rule and expand for centuries.
What is Gunpowder weapons?
Name the cash crop that India was forced to produce and export to Britain for Britain's textile industry, and how it impacted Indian farmers.
What is "Indian farmers were forced to grow cotton for British textile factories, and this hurt the farmers because lands was used for cash crops more than it was used for food."
Explain the event of the Amritsar Massacre and how it was a turning point for India's independence movement.
What is "in 1919, British soldiers fired on a peaceful crowd of Indian protesters, killing hundreds and convincing the people that British rule was in no way fair, increasing support for independence."
Describe the Hindu caste system, and explain how the Aryans contributed to it.
What is "The Caste system placed people into four groups of Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudra. below them were the Dalits, also called Untouchables." and "Aryans divided society into social groups based on occupation and status, which over time evolved into the caste system"?
Explain the decline of the Mughal empire.
What is "The Mughal Empire declined due to the later emperors being weaker than Akbar, corruption increased, regional leaders gainer power, and religious conflict grew. the empire was also weakened by expensive wars and heavy taxes. European trading companies became more powerful during this time period, and the British took control of much of India."
Explain how British imperialism negatively affected Indian industries.
Describe three different tactics that Mohandas Gandhi used to gain India's independence from Britain.
What is
1. Nonviolent protest and civil disobedience
2. boycotts of British goods, especially cloth
3. mass marches such as the salt march to protest the british laws.
Explain how knowledge of monsoon wings impacted India's maritime trade.
What is "Sailors could travel from Africa to India between April and September, and could return between November and February because of the predictable winds. Trade was easier, and the winds increased India's connections with Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia."
Explain how Akbar expanded the Mughal Empire and ruled it well.
What is "Akbar expanded the empire through military conquest, alliances, and marriage agreements with Hindu rulers. he ruled effectively by creating a strong bureaucracy, collecting taxes fairly, appointing talented officials, and practicing religious tolerance toward Hindus and Muslims."
Describe the kangani system and how it impacted the family structure of Indian migrant laborers in SE Asia.
What is "The kangani system recruited Indian laborers to work on plantations in SE Asia. Often times men migrated first and left family behind, which had separated households and changed traditional family structures."
Explain why India was partitioned into Pakistan and India in 1947, and what the effects of this separation were.
What is "India was split because Muslims feared being in a Hindu-majority India, so Pakistan was created as a separate Muslim state. This partition led to violence, death, mass migration, and the deaths of many as Hindus and Muslims moved between borders."
Explain the way that Indian architecture shows the Syncretic influences of both Hinduism and Islam.
What is "Indian architecture combined Hindu and Islamic styles in buildings such as mosques, palaces and tombs. Structures often included Hindu carvings, along with Islamic domes, arches, and geometric designs."?
Compare slavery in Muslim communities throughout the Indian Ocean region, including India, with slavery throughout the Americas.
What is "Muslim societies near the Indian Ocean allowed for freedom to the enslaved, allowing them to marry, or even rise in status. slavery was not always permanent or race based. While in the Americas, slavery was harsher, based on race, hereditary, and usually lifelong."
Explain how migrated Indian laborers impacted the cultures of the areas to where they migrated.
What is "indian laborers migrated to SE Asia, East Africa, the Caribbean, and South Africa. they brought along Hinduism, food, language, clothing styles, and cultural traditions to these regions."
India banned discrimination based on caste and created affirmative action programs in education and government jobs. Pakistan also passed laws to reduce discrimination, though caste differences remained in society.
Compare political structures in Southern and Northern India during period One, and why they formed differently.
What is "Northern India was ruled by large land-based empires such as the Delhi Sultanate, which had a centralized government, Muslim rulers, tax collection systems, and strong armies. Northern empires focused more on conquest and military control. Southern India was divided into smaller Hindu kingdoms and regional states such as Vijayanagara, which relied more on local rulers, trade wealth, farming, and alliances with merchants and nearby kingdoms.
Name the time period in which the Portuguese established a trading network in Western India, and what their economic goal was.
What is "in 1498 when Vasco da Gama arrived in India, in Calicut, they established ports and forts along the western coast, especially at Goa. Portugal wanted to control the spice trade and make profits by dominating Indian Ocean commerce."
Explain who the Sepoys were, and how the Sepoy rebellion (1757) served as India's first step to independence from Britain
What is "Sepoys were Indian soldiers who had served in the British East India Company army. in 1857 they rebelled against British control because of poor treatment, cultural disrespect, and the use of rifle cartridges rumored to contain pig and cow fat. although the rebellion failed, it sparked inspiration for Indian nationalism, and showed Indians that they could unite against the British rule."
Explain who Jawaharlal Nehru was, and how he impacted India and the Non-Aligned movement.
What is "Jawaharlal Nehru was India’s first prime minister after independence. He promoted democracy, industrialization, and education. Internationally, he helped create the Non-Aligned Movement, which encouraged countries to stay neutral during the Cold War. "