Communist leaders
The head of the Bolsheviks, he was the first leader of the USSR
Vladimir Lenin
This idea, initially proposed by Nikolai Bukharin and later adopted by Stalin, posited that the USSR could develop a socialist economy without internationalizing the revolution.
What is "Socialism in One Country"?
Founded shortly after the Russian Revolution, this was the first Soviet secret police agency.
What was the Cheka?
The following was the faction of the Russian Social Democrats who were the direct ancestors of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Who were the Bolsheviks?
He was the head of the Provisional Government at the time of the October Revolution.
Who was Alexander Kerensky?
Originally from Georgia, his real last name was Djugashvili.
Who was Joseph Stalin?
This was a policy of rapid industrialization between 1928 and 1932.
What was the First Five-Year Plan?
These labor camps are closely associated with the Stalin era.
What are gulags?
This faction of the Russian Social Democrats split from the Bolsheviks in 1903, initially due to their more relaxed definition of party membership.
Who were the Mensheviks?
A supposed holy man, his close relations with the Czar's family were a source of much controversy.
Who was Rasputin?
A leader of the Russian Revolution, he became a leading critic of Stalin, who had him assassinated in Mexico in 1940.
Who was Leon Trotsky?
This refers to the severe repression of real and imagined political dissidents between 1936 and 1938.
What were the Great Purges?
These relatively wealthy peasants were "liquidated" as a class by Stalin.
What were "kulaks"?
This political group were anticapitalist but peasant- (rather than worker-) based?
Who were the Social Revolutionaries?
Sailors at this naval base revolted against the Bolsheviks in 1921.
What is Kronstadt?
Born Hirsch Apfelbaum, this Bolshevik leader was executed in 1936.
Who was Grigory Zinoviev?
This policy saw the limited reintroduction of capitalist market mechanisms in the 1920s as a way of jump-starting the Soviet economy.
What was the New Economic Policy?
These show trials of prominent Communists were a high point of the Great Purges?
What were the Moscow Trials?
This position, last held by Nicholas II, was the head of state in Russia before 1917.
What was the Czar?
This newspaper's editorial board included Vladimir Lenin, Georgy Plekhanov, and Julius Martov.
What was Iskra?
Who was Sergey Kirov?
This policy was proposed by Lenin during World War I, arguing that the working class's main enemy was the upper class in its "own" countries.
What was "revolutionary defeatism"?
Ethnic Polish, he was the first head of the Cheka and GPU.
Who was Felix Dzerzhinski?
This army constituted the main anticommunist force in the Russian Civil War.
What was the White Army?
Later renamed Leningrad, this city was the capital of Russia before the Russian Revolution.
What was Petrograd?