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What distinguishes Down syndrome from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
Down syndrome is associated with an extra copy of the 21st chromosome, and typically involves an intellectual disability, slower acquisition of language, and physical health challenges, while ASD is primarily characterized by social and communication difficulties.
TRUE OR FALSE: Speech language pathologists can screen and diagnose autism spectrum disorders
TRUE
True or False: Autism spectrum disorder is the same thing as Fragile X syndrome
FLASE
True or False: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal condition in the United States
TRUE
How are children exposed to lead?
inhalation and ingestion
What is APD?
Auditory Processing disorder (APD) can be defined as an umbrella term for a group of disorders that affect the way an individual perceives auditory information
What do I mean when I say "ADHD is a comorbidity of ASD"?
The two disabilities often co-occur alongside one another
Elongated face, a prominent forehead, and long ears with atypical auricles are associated with which diagnosis?
Fragile X
True or False: For children with Down syndrome, expressive language is an area of relative strength compared to receptive language
FALSE
How does IDEA define "specific learning impairment" and "developmental language disorder"?
both language disorders in the absence of another disorder that impact educational performance
FALSE.
What is the cause of autism spectrum disorder?
Both genetic and environmental factors
What is the diagnostic criteria of an intellectual disability?
Must present with low IQ, impacts on adaptive functioning, and present before the age of 18 (occur in developmental years)
Describe the physical qualities of an individual with Down syndrome
midface hypoplasia
short arms and legs
small upper jaw
depressed bridge of the nose
hypotonia
small outer ears
What is the "formula" that produces the desired outcome of learning to read: reading comprehension
Word Recognition x Language Comprehension = Reading Comprehension
What is the phrase is a broad encompassing term for Autism Spectrum Disorder today?
Social Communication Disorder
What is the diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorder?
Deficits in social communication and the presence of restrictive and repetitive behaviors or patterns
Sometimes, children with intellectual disabilities cannot participate in standardized assessments due to their limited speech or motor abilities. What is one way we can support their participation so they can show us what they know?
Allow the use of responding through non-spoken means of communication (e.g., sign language, pointing, eye gaze)
Name three medical conditions associated with Down syndrome
Sleep apnea, otitis media, congenital heart disease, thyroid disease, skin conditions, etc.
Explain the difference between a word recognition and language comprehension skill
Language comprehension - metalinguistic (e.g. background knowledge, vocabulary, verbal reasoning, literacy knowledge
Word recognition - the direct recognition of print (e.g., decoding, sight words, letter sounds)
What are the components that make up “adaptive skills”?
Conceptual skills, social skills, and practical skills
What intervention method includes modifying and improving behaviors through reinforcement and consequence?
Applied behavior analysis
Fragile X Syndrome
What is a language strength in children with Down syndrome?
Conversational skills