Chapter 1 Foundations of Psychology
Who examined consciousness and the structure of mental processes
Structuralists
The function of the ____ system is to carry information to and from all parts of the body.
Nervous
____ is any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice.
Learning
which modern perspective of Psychology looks at survival and how humans adapt to their natural environment
ex: Attraction, Conditioned Taste Aversion, etc.
Evolutionary
A specialized cell that makes up the nervous system that receives and sends messages within that system is called a ____.
Neuron
When Pavlov placed food in the mouths of dogs, they began to salivate. The food acted as a(n) ____.
ex: UCS
unconditioned stimulus
What are the 4 goals of Psychology, relating to research
Describe
Explain
Predict
Control
Which division of the autonomic nervous system activates the body in times of stress?
ex: fight, flight, or freeze
sympathetic nervous system
The learning of phobias develops a fear response which is a good example of which element of classical conditioning?
conditioned emotional response
Drinking orange juice is negatively correlated with the risk of cancer. Based on this information, what assumption can you make?
ex: The ______ orange juice you drink, the _____ your risk of cancer.
The more orange juice you drink, the lower your risk of cancer.
the process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into the synaptic vesicles is called what?
reuptake
When a stimulus is taken away from a person or animal resulting in a decrease in the probability of response, it is known as ____.
punishment by removal
In which type of study do neither the participants nor the individuals running the experiment know if participants are in the experimental or the control group until after the results are tallied.
double-blind study
Researcher Roger Sperry won a Nobel Prize for his research on epilepsy. Sperry cut through the ____, which joins the two hemispheres of the brain.
corpus callosum
Ava’s parents want her to put her books in her bookcase. At first, they praise her for putting the books together in one pile. Then they praise her for getting the books on the same side of the room as the bookcase. When she gets the books on top of the bookcase, she gets praise. Finally, her parents praise her when she puts her books in the bookcase. This is an example of which element of operant conditioning?
Shaping