Universal Problems
Three-Body Problems
Getting Called to HR. Diagrams
A Star is Born and Dies
It's Very Exo(tic)
Gravitation is not Responsible for Falling in Love
Misc. Materials
100
How old is the Universe?
13 - 14 billion years old. (13.8 specifically)
100
The term for when a shadow falls across the earth or the moon due to the alignments of the Earth, sun, and moon.
An Eclipse
100
What is this used for?
What is this used for?
Classifying stars
100
This is the birthplace for all stars and planets
Nebula
100
The name for a planet not from our solar system.
Exoplanet
100
The motion of the Earth around the sun.
Orbit / Revolution
100
What is the final stage of the life cycle of a supermassive star?
Supermassive black hole.
200
The universe is the all of the _________ and _________ within it.
Space, matter
200
What other objects in our Solar System, besides planets or moons, also orbit the sun.
Comets and Asteroids
200
What are the main features we use to classify stars?
Brightness/luminosity, temperature, (sometimes color)
200
What is another name for a low mass star early in it's life cycle?
Main Sequence
200
The four types of exoplanets
Terrestrial, Super-Earth, Gas Giant, Ice Giant
200
What shape do objects in our solar system revolve in.
Elliptical / Ellipses (but still very close to a circle)
200
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
What are the four main types of Galaxies?
Spiral, Barred Spiral, Elliptical, Irregular
300
What type of Galaxy is this:
Barred Spiral
300
What are the possible alignments of the sun and moon during a spring tide?
They are both in a straight line. Either the sun and moon are on the same side of the earth or on the opposite sides, but still in a line
300
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
A star that is 4000 K and 10,000 times brighter than the sun is a:
(Red) Supergiant
300
Which classes of stars collapse and explode as they die. What is this explosion called?
Massive or Supermassive Stars, Supernova
300
The main features we look for in exoplanets when trying to find life in the universe.
In the zone of habitability, the presence of water, an atmosphere reasonable temperatures (at least 2)
300
Why do all objects in our solar system orbit the sun?
It has the greatest mass.
300
Why don't eclipses happen every full or new moon?
The moon is not in the exact same plane as the earth and the sun.
400
Give two pieces of evidence that the Big Bang happened.
All galaxies are redshifted so that universe appears to be expanding in all directions
Cosmic background radiation is seen in all directions
400
What stage of the lunar cycle is represented by the positions of the earth-sun-and-moon
Full Moon
400
The sun is a:
Main Sequence Star
400
What is the relationship between star Mass, temperature and lifespan?
Larger stars usually burn hotter and life less time
400
The most earth-like planets.
Terrestrial
400
How does Jupiter protect the Earth from more frequent asteroid strikes?
It has a higher mass than the earth and draws in asteroids via gravity.
400
If the maximum speed of particles in the universe is the speed of light, how does part of the universe exist beyond the view of light?
Space is constantly being created.
500
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
What form of matter causes galaxies to cluster together in clusters or superclusters?
Dark Matter
500
Draw and label the positions of the earth-sun-moon that might result in a Solar Eclipse.
500
Where do black dwarfs fall on the HR diagram?
They don't. They only exert gravity now.
500
This is the stage the Super Massive Stars enter as they begin to use of their fuel.
Red Supergiant
500
What elements likely make up Gas Giants?
Helium and Hydrogen + other gasses.
500
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
What two factors control gravity. Use this to explain why the moon causes a greater tidal pull than the Sun.
Distance and Mass.
The moon is much closer so it pulls on the oceans more.
500
Why is light redshifted (give or draw the technical reason)
The wavelength of light is expanded as space is created within it and/or as galaxies move away the light they create looks further out due to the doppler effect caused by a moving source of light
9999
Explain why the earth has seasons. Include the role of distance from the sun in your answer.
The earth his an axial tilt of 23.5ยบ.
This means that the sun's rays hit the earth sometimes directly and sometimes obliquely / spread out based on the earth's position around the sun.